A method for processing a fluorine-containing electrolyte solution including a gasification step of gasifying a volatile component of an electrolyte solution including a fluorine compound by heating the electrolyte solution under reduced pressure, a fluorine immobilization step of immobilizing the fluorine component included in the gasified gas as calcium fluoride by allowing the fluorine component to react with calcium, and an organic solvent component collection step of collecting an organic solvent component included in the gasification gas, in which, preferably, after a small amount of water, aqueous mineral acid solution, or the like is added to the electrolyte solution, the volatile component of the electrolyte solution is gasified by heating the electrolyte solution under reduced pressure.

A method for processing a fluorine-containing electrolyte solution including a gasification step of gasifying a volatile component of an electrolyte solution including a fluorine compound by heating the electrolyte solution under reduced pressure, a fluorine immobilization step of immobilizing the fluorine component included in the gasified gas as calcium fluoride by allowing the fluorine component to react with calcium, and an organic solvent component collection step of collecting an organic solvent component included in the gasification gas, in which, preferably, after a small amount of water, aqueous mineral acid solution, or the like is added to the electrolyte solution, the volatile component of the electrolyte solution is gasified by heating the electrolyte solution under reduced pressure.

The invention relates to a process for producing free-flowing calcium fluoride particles from a diluted aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride comprising the step of reacting the diluted aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride with calcium carbonate particles at a temperature of less than 50° C. The invention further relates to the use of the free-flowing calcium fluoride particles for the manufacturing of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride.

The invention relates to a process for producing free-flowing calcium fluoride particles from a diluted aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride comprising the step of reacting the diluted aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride with calcium carbonate particles at a temperature of less than 50° C. The invention further relates to the use of the free-flowing calcium fluoride particles for the manufacturing of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride.

A method of producing a product inorganic compound including: immersing a raw material inorganic compound having a volume of 10.sup.−13 m.sup.3 or more in an electrolyte aqueous solution or an electrolyte suspension; exchanging anions in the raw material inorganic compound with anions in the electrolyte aqueous solution or the electrolyte suspension; cations in the raw material inorganic compound are exchanged with cations in the electrolyte aqueous solution or the electrolyte suspension; or including a component (that excludes water, hydrogen, and oxygen) in the electrolyte aqueous solution or the electrolyte suspension not included in the raw material inorganic compound in the raw material inorganic compound; and obtaining a product inorganic compound having a volume of 10.sup.−13 m.sup.3 or more from the raw material inorganic compound.

A method of producing a product inorganic compound including: immersing a raw material inorganic compound having a volume of 10.sup.−13 m.sup.3 or more in an electrolyte aqueous solution or an electrolyte suspension; exchanging anions in the raw material inorganic compound with anions in the electrolyte aqueous solution or the electrolyte suspension; cations in the raw material inorganic compound are exchanged with cations in the electrolyte aqueous solution or the electrolyte suspension; or including a component (that excludes water, hydrogen, and oxygen) in the electrolyte aqueous solution or the electrolyte suspension not included in the raw material inorganic compound in the raw material inorganic compound; and obtaining a product inorganic compound having a volume of 10.sup.−13 m.sup.3 or more from the raw material inorganic compound.

A method of producing a product inorganic compound including: immersing a raw material inorganic compound having a volume of 10.sup.−13 m.sup.3 or more in an electrolyte aqueous solution or an electrolyte suspension; exchanging anions in the raw material inorganic compound with anions in the electrolyte aqueous solution or the electrolyte suspension; cations in the raw material inorganic compound are exchanged with cations in the electrolyte aqueous solution or the electrolyte suspension; or including a component (that excludes water, hydrogen, and oxygen) in the electrolyte aqueous solution or the electrolyte suspension not included in the raw material inorganic compound in the raw material inorganic compound; and obtaining a product inorganic compound having a volume of 10.sup.−13 m.sup.3 or more from the raw material inorganic compound.

Disclosed are an additive raw material composition and an additive for superhard material product, a composite binding agent, a superhard material product, a self-sharpening diamond grinding wheel and a method for manufacturing the same. The raw material composition consisting of components in following mass percentage: Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 25%˜40%, B.sub.2O.sub.3 25%˜40%, ZnO 5%˜25%, SiO.sub.2 2%˜10%, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 2%˜10%, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3 1%˜5%, Li.sub.2CO.sub.3 1%˜5%, MgCO.sub.3 0%˜5%, and CaF.sub.2 1%˜5%. The composite binding agent is prepared from the additive and a metal composite binding agent. The self-sharpening diamond grinding wheel prepared from the composite binding agent has high self-sharpness, high strength, and fine texture, is uniformly consumed during the grinding process, does not need to be trimmed during the process of being used, and maintains good grinding force all the time, fundamentally solving the problems of long trimming time and high trimming cost of the diamond grinding wheel (FIG. 1).

Disclosed are an additive raw material composition and an additive for superhard material product, a composite binding agent, a superhard material product, a self-sharpening diamond grinding wheel and a method for manufacturing the same. The raw material composition consisting of components in following mass percentage: Bi.sub.2O.sub.3 25%˜40%, B.sub.2O.sub.3 25%˜40%, ZnO 5%˜25%, SiO.sub.2 2%˜10%, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 2%˜10%, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3 1%˜5%, Li.sub.2CO.sub.3 1%˜5%, MgCO.sub.3 0%˜5%, and CaF.sub.2 1%˜5%. The composite binding agent is prepared from the additive and a metal composite binding agent. The self-sharpening diamond grinding wheel prepared from the composite binding agent has high self-sharpness, high strength, and fine texture, is uniformly consumed during the grinding process, does not need to be trimmed during the process of being used, and maintains good grinding force all the time, fundamentally solving the problems of long trimming time and high trimming cost of the diamond grinding wheel (FIG. 1).

A mineralizer composition for Pidgeon silicothermic process for smelting magnesium consists of fluorite and a boron-containing compound. Amounts of the fluorite and the boron-containing compound meet the following equation:

M.sub.fluo-original=(1−x)M.sub.fluo+(m)(x)M.sub.B,

where, M.sub.fluo-original is a mass of the fluorite required in a conventional Pidgeon silicothermic process in which no boron-containing compound is introduced to replace a fraction or all of the total fluorite, M.sub.fluo is a mass of the fluorite in the composition, M.sub.B is a mass of the boron-containing compound in the composition, 0.5≤x≤1, and 2≤m≤8. A Pidgeon silicothermic process for smelting magnesium is also provided, which employs the mineralizer composition. The composition and process of the disclosure enable reduction and even avoidance of dust pollution caused by fluorite-containing magnesium slag.