A method for extracting scandium from scandium-containing materials, said method comprising: re-slurring of a cake of a scandium-containing material with a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, carbonization leaching of the scandium-containing material with the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in one stage, filtration of the leached scandium-containing material and the precipitation of a scandium concentrate. The carbonization leaching of the scandium-containing material is carried out with a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate having a Na2CO3 concentration of 130-350 g/dm.sup.3 and a NaHCO3 concentration of 2-100 g/dm.sup.3 at a pH value in the slurry of 9.5-11.0 and a temperature of 20-90° C. For maintaining the required pH value in the slurry, the slurry is gassed with a CO2-containing gas-air mixture. The scandium concentrate is extracted from the filtrate resulting from the leaching process in one stage by treating said filtrate with an alkaline solution.

A method for extracting scandium from scandium-containing materials, said method comprising: re-slurring of a cake of a scandium-containing material with a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, carbonization leaching of the scandium-containing material with the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in one stage, filtration of the leached scandium-containing material and the precipitation of a scandium concentrate. The carbonization leaching of the scandium-containing material is carried out with a mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate having a Na2CO3 concentration of 130-350 g/dm.sup.3 and a NaHCO3 concentration of 2-100 g/dm.sup.3 at a pH value in the slurry of 9.5-11.0 and a temperature of 20-90° C. For maintaining the required pH value in the slurry, the slurry is gassed with a CO2-containing gas-air mixture. The scandium concentrate is extracted from the filtrate resulting from the leaching process in one stage by treating said filtrate with an alkaline solution.

Despite the abundance of scandium, its commercial applications continue to be limited by the absence of reliable, secure, stable and long-term production. The subject-matter disclosed herein provides for a method for extracting Rare Earth Elements (REE), scandium and/or Rare-Earth Oxides (REO) from ore and mineral concentrates, the method comprising: providing Rare Earth Elements (REE) and/or scandium bearing feedstock; a high-pressure caustic (HPC) leaching step, comprising leaching the feedstock in an alkali solution at a first temperature for a target period of time and at a given pressure to produce a leachate slurry; extracting a solid residue from the leachate slurry; leaching of the solid residue in a mineral acid to form a primary leach solution; extracting scandium and/or REE from the primary leach solution; and/or precipitating REE remaining in the raffinate to form a mixed REE-carbonate to thereby facilitate the extraction of REO.

Despite the abundance of scandium, its commercial applications continue to be limited by the absence of reliable, secure, stable and long-term production. The subject-matter disclosed herein provides for a method for extracting Rare Earth Elements (REE), scandium and/or Rare-Earth Oxides (REO) from ore and mineral concentrates, the method comprising: providing Rare Earth Elements (REE) and/or scandium bearing feedstock; a high-pressure caustic (HPC) leaching step, comprising leaching the feedstock in an alkali solution at a first temperature for a target period of time and at a given pressure to produce a leachate slurry; extracting a solid residue from the leachate slurry; leaching of the solid residue in a mineral acid to form a primary leach solution; extracting scandium and/or REE from the primary leach solution; and/or precipitating REE remaining in the raffinate to form a mixed REE-carbonate to thereby facilitate the extraction of REO.

Methods for producing ethylene using nanowires as heterogeneous catalysts are provided. The method includes, for example, an oxidative coupling of methane catalyzed by nanowires to provide ethylene.

Provided is a method for recovering scandium, with which it is possible to easily and efficiently recover high-purity scandium from nickel oxide ores. This method for recovering scandium involves passing a solution containing scandium through an ion exchange resin, then subjecting the eluant eluted from the ion exchange resin to solvent extraction and separating the extraction residual liquid and the extraction agent after extraction, then performing an oxalation process on the extraction residual liquid to obtain a scandium oxalate precipitate, and roasting the precipitate to obtain scandium oxide, wherein the method is characterized in that an amine-based extraction agent is used as the extraction agent for solvent extraction.

Disclosed here is a method for making a monolithic rare earth oxide (REO) aerogel, comprising: preparing a reaction mixture comprising at least one rare earth metal nitrate, at least one epoxide, at least one base catalyst, and at least one organic solvent; curing the mixture to produce a wet gel; drying the wet gel to produce a dry gel; and thermally annealing the dry gel to produce the monolithic REO aerogel. Also disclosed is an REO aerogel comprising a network of REO nanostructures, wherein the REO aerogel is a monolith having at least one lateral dimension of at least 1 cm, wherein the REO aerogel has a density of about 40-500 mg/cm.sup.3 and/or a BET surface area of at least about 20 m.sup.2/g, and wherein the REO aerogel is substantially free of oxychloride.

The disclosure is directed to a spherical particle comprising lanthanide hydroxide, a method of preparing the particle, the particle for use in medical applications, a suspension, a composition, a method of obtaining a scanning image, and the particle for use in the treatment of a subject.

A porous formed article includes an organic polymer resin and an inorganic ion adsorbent and having the most frequent pore size of 0.08 to 0.70 μm measured with a mercury porosimeter. Such a porous formed article can be prepared by crushing and mixing a good solvent for the organic polymer resin and the inorganic ion adsorbent to obtain slurry; dissolving the organic polymer resin and a water-soluble polymer in the slurry; shape-forming the slurry; promoting coagulation of the shape-formed product by controlling the temperature and humidity of a spatial portion coming into contact with the shape-formed product, until the shape-formed product is coagulated in a poor solvent; and coagulating the coagulation-promoted shape-formed product in a poor solvent. A production apparatus can be used to prepare such a porous formed article.

A porous formed article includes an organic polymer resin and an inorganic ion adsorbent and having the most frequent pore size of 0.08 to 0.70 μm measured with a mercury porosimeter. Such a porous formed article can be prepared by crushing and mixing a good solvent for the organic polymer resin and the inorganic ion adsorbent to obtain slurry; dissolving the organic polymer resin and a water-soluble polymer in the slurry; shape-forming the slurry; promoting coagulation of the shape-formed product by controlling the temperature and humidity of a spatial portion coming into contact with the shape-formed product, until the shape-formed product is coagulated in a poor solvent; and coagulating the coagulation-promoted shape-formed product in a poor solvent. A production apparatus can be used to prepare such a porous formed article.