A method of fabricating a magnetically-controlled graphene-based micro-/nano-motor includes: (a) mixing FeCl.sub.3 crystal powder with deionized water to obtain a FeCl.sub.3 solution; (b) completely immersing a carbon-based microsphere in the FeCl.sub.3 solution; transferring the carbon-based microsphere from the FeCl.sub.3 solution followed by heating to allow crystallization of FeCl.sub.3 on the surface of the carbon-based microsphere to obtain a FeCl.sub.3-carbon-based microsphere; (c) heating the FeCl.sub.3-carbon-based microsphere in a vacuum chamber until there is no moisture in the vacuum chamber; continuously removing gas in the vacuum chamber and introducing oxygen; and treating the FeCl.sub.3-carbon-based microsphere with a laser in an oxygen-enriched environment to obtain the magnetically controlled graphene-based micro-/nano-motor. A magnetically-controlled graphene-based micro-/nano-motor is further provided.

A system for producing magnesium chloride includes a removal unit, and a concentration unit that is connected to the removal unit. The removal unit generates feedstock water by removing sulfate ions and sodium ions from treatment target water having seawater as a feedstock. The concentration unit generates a slurry in which magnesium chloride is crystallized by concentrating the feedstock water. The removal unit has a first removal unit which reduces the sulfate ion concentration compared to the sulfate ion concentration in the treatment target water, and a second removal unit which reduces the sodium ion concentration compared to the sodium ion concentration in the treatment target water.

The present invention relates to a method of separating radioactive elements from a mixture, wherein the mixture is treated with at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid, selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, amidosulfonic acid and mixtures thereof and also the use of at least one alkanesulfonic acid and at least one further acid for separating radioactive elements from mixtures comprising these.

A method for cleanup of circulated rolling oil including gravity separation followed by size separation. The method includes supplying the circulated roiling oil to a separation chamber of a rotating centrifugal rotor and separating water and solid debris from the circulated rolling oil by centrifugal force. Oil, oil-water emulsion, and some residual debris may be recovered and supplied to a ceramic membrane having a pore size of 1.5 micron or smaller. A purified oil sample is recovered from the membrane, along with a reject including the oil-water emulsion and residual debris. The reject may be further concentrated by gravity separation and recycled to the membrane to recover further amounts of oil.

The disclosure relates to the field of metal ion capture, more particularly of selective capture of nickel Ni(II) ions, by a polymeric compound based on a polymer selected from styrenic polymers and chloropolymers. In the polymeric compound, at least one portion of the monomer units of the polymer is functionalised by the ligand, the ligand including at least one chemical group selected from the glyoxime groups.

The glyoxime groups have a strong affinity for the Ni(II) ions, as well as an excellent selectivity vis-à-vis metal ions of chemical properties similar to Ni(II) ions. This ligand thus allows a selective complexation of the Ni(II) ions by the polymeric compound, including in solutions of low concentrations of Ni(II) ions.

The polymeric compound according to at least one embodiment of the disclosure is particularly intended for capturing the Ni(II) ions during the electrogalvanising methods as well as for recycling material comprising nickel.

The present disclosure features a Janus composite having a hydrophobic nanoparticulate component and a 2- or 3-dimensional hydrophilic framework, and materials, systems, methods of making the Janus composite and methods of using the Janus composite for separating oil from an oil-in-water emulsion. For example, Janus composites with MoS2 nanospheres on/in a hydrophilic reduced graphene oxide (rGO) or cellulose acetate framework are provided.

Formation of CaSO.sub.4 and Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 containing deposits is reduced in a pressure oxidation autoclave and/or adjacent circuits during pressure oxidation of gold-containing ore. The gold-containing ore is combined with water to create an aqueous slurry that is heated and introduced into the autoclave. The method includes providing a scale inhibitor that is free of an organic polymer and includes an inorganic phosphate according to formula (I), (XPO.sub.3).sub.m, wherein X is Na, K, H, or combinations thereof, and m is at least about 6, an inorganic phosphate according to formula (II), Y.sub.n+2P.sub.nO.sub.3n+1, wherein Y is Na, K, H, an organic phosphonate; or combinations thereof, and n is at least about 6. The method includes the step of combining the scale inhibitor and at least one of the gold-containing ore, the water, and the aqueous slurry to reduce scale.

A method of rapid treatment of heavy metal sludge and preparation of ferrite magnets comprises following steps of: providing a sludge, the sludge at least having zinc metal and ferrous metal; adding an iron-containing substance to the sludge; pickling the sludge and the iron-containing substance with sulfuric acid to obtain a pickling solution with zinc ions and iron ions; neutralizing the pickling solution with sodium hydroxide to form hydroxide precipitates; and airing and heating the neutralized pickling solution by an ultrasonic-microwave method so that the hydroxide precipitates undergoing a ferrite magnet reaction, thereby obtaining ferrite magnets with a spathic structure.

An electrodialysis fluid purification device includes a fluid output from an upper part of a first fluid reservoir. One or more ion permselective elements at a surface on or near the bottom of the first reservoir are arranged to provide one or more small area points or lines. A fluid connection to a second fluid reservoir is on an opposite side of the one or more ion permselective elements. Electrodes and a power supply create a voltage differential across the one or more ion permselective elements. Another fluid purification device includes a first reservoir with which an ion permselective element interfaces directly in a 2D to 3D relationship. A method employs small area ion permselective element interfaces at a surface on or near the bottom of the first reservoir such that ion transport creates a depleted zone that extends into the first fluid reservoir.

An apparatus for treating wastewater, for the recovery of metals contained therein, includes a first pump, a second pump, and a heating element, of which the input is connected to the first pump and the output to a mixer.

The mixer, of which a first input is connected to the heating element, a second input to the second pump, and an output to a cooling element, the input of the cooling element being connected to the mixer and the output to a depressurization component.

The input of the depressurization component is connected to the cooling element and the output to liquid/solid separation element.

The input of the liquid/solid separation component is connected to the depressurization component.