A method for treating an aqueous fluid containing a biodegradable organic substance in an installation that includes an upflow bioreactor containing a sludge bed, wherein the sludge bed includes biomass, an external separator, and a conditioning tank. The method includes treating the fluid in the conditioning tank; feeding the treated fluid into a lower part of the bioreactor and forming biogas; withdrawing the fluid from an upper part of the bioreactor, which withdrawn fluid includes biomass; feeding the aqueous fluid withdrawn from the upper part of the bioreactor into the external separator, wherein the aqueous fluid that includes the biomass is separated into a liquid phase and a fluid phase enriched in biomass; returning the fluid phase enriched in biomass from the external separator to the bioreactor; and returning a part of the liquid phase to the conditioning tank.

Systems for treating dairy wastewater. The systems typically include an equalization tank configured to receive a dairy wastewater stream; a flash pump in fluidic communication with the equalization tank to receive the dairy wastewater stream, wherein the dairy wastewater stream includes dairy wastewater and an acid; and a pipe reactor in fluidic communication with the flash pump and configured to receive the pump outlet stream. The pipe reactor is fluidically coupled to a cationic coagulant feed stream conduit to receive a cationic coagulant feed stream and fluidically coupled to a flocculation feed stream conduit to receive the flocculation feed stream. The system also includes a dissolved air flotation unit configured to produce a liquid stream by separating coagulated and/or flocculated materials from a pipe reactor outlet stream.

The disclosure provides a compact and high-rate bioreactor for wastewater treatment comprising a feeding port for introducing a feed of waste material, a reaction zone in liquid communication with the feed port when the bioreactor is in operation and having an aerator to provide an airlift configuration in the reaction zone; a settling zone comprising a separator for separating a liquid effluent from solid particles; a liquid effluent outlet port for withdrawing the liquid effluent; and a solids outlet port for removing solids. Further provided is a spiral separator for use in a bioreactor and a system comprising the bioreactor and a membrane separator to provide hygienic water.

A novel Salt Repellent Technique is presented to remove all inorganic salts from seawater to get potable water. The repellent additives recommended throws out all salts of sodium, magnesium, calcium, potassium and the like ions from seawater and paves way to get salt free potable water. The conventional washing of ice crystals is completely avoided due to the presence of additives. This technique helps to remove last traces of salts from seawater and analogous waters, without undertaking the conventional washing process. The new salt repellent process assures of high water recovery, ease of operation, lesser pollution, smaller plants, simpler machinery and technology, lower energy cost, nil or lesser pre-treatment and recovery of valuable by-products. To reduce the TDS still lower, it is recommended to have a simplified reverse osmosis unit in addition, as a post-operative arrangement.

An efficient multi-dimensional carbon source and a method for preparing the same are disclosed. The efficient multi-dimensional carbon source includes the following components by weight: 30%-50% of alcohols, 20%-30% of biomass digestive liquid, 1%-10% of carbohydrates, 0.5% of polymethyl methacrylate and balance of water. A method for preparing the efficient multi-dimensional carbon source is further disclosed.

A method for treating an aqueous fluid comprising a biodegradable organic substance in an installation comprising an upflow bioreactor containing a sludge bed, said sludge bed comprising biomass, an external separator, and a conditioning tank, the method comprising: treating the fluid in the conditioning tank; feeding the treated fluid into a lower part of the bioreactor and forming biogas; withdrawing the fluid from an upper part of the bioreactor, which withdrawn fluid comprises biomass; feeding the aqueous fluid withdrawn from the upper part of the bioreactor into the external separator wherein the aqueous fluid comprising the biomass is separated into a liquid phase, and a fluid phase enriched in biomass; returning said fluid phase enriched in biomass from the external separator to the bioreactor; and returning a part of said liquid phase to the conditioning tank.

A method for differentially lysing a liquid sample or target material using an augmented oxidizing agent (AOA), which includes a quantity of electronically modified oxygen derivatives (EMODs). The method reduces or eliminates total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), Biologic Oxygen Demand (BOD), microbial concentration, biofilms and other content in the liquid target material known or suspected to contain animal fluids, blood and blood cells and suspected or known to contain eukaryotic cells, microbial cells, bacteria, viruses, spores, fungi, prions, organic matter, minerals, proteins or associated structures. The BOD, TDS and TSS can be lowered or eliminated as desired. This action is directly proportional to the quantity of EMODs in the AOS applied to the liquid target material.

A method for treating wastewater and an activator for treating wastewater that maximizes the utilization of microorganisms such as Bacillus bacteria in an activated sludge treatment of wastewater while minimizing treatment cost. In the method for treating wastewater, wastewater including organic matter is introduced into a treatment tank and the wastewater is subjected to an activated sludge treatment by microorganisms in the treatment tank, wherein an activator containing a component for activating the microorganisms is added to the wastewater to be subjected to the activated sludge treatment in the treatment tank; and at least 50% (by quantity) of the entirety of the activator has a particle size of less than 10 pm. Also provided is an activator therefor. The microorganisms preferably include Bacillus bacteria.

A method for differentially lysing a liquid sample or target material using an augmented oxidizing agent (AOA), which includes a quantity of electronically modified oxygen derivatives (EMODs). The method reduces or eliminates total dissolved solids (IDS), total suspended solids (TSS), Biologic Oxygen Demand (BOD), microbial concentration, biofilms and other content in the liquid target material known or suspected to contain animal fluids, blood and blood cells and suspected or known to contain eukaryotic cells, microbial cells, bacteria, viruses, spores, fungi, prions, organic matter, minerals, proteins or associated structures. The BOD, TDS and TSS can be lowered or eliminated as desired. This action is directly proportional to the quantity of EMODs in the AOS applied to the liquid target material.

A digester system for digesting feed material comprises a digester tank, a thickener, and a seal system. The digester tank generates a first digested material and biogas from the feed material. The thickener is operatively connected to the digester tank to remove a second digested material from the feed material to alter a solid content of the feed material in the digester tank. The seal system substantially prevents the thickener from removing biogas from the feed material with the second digested material.