There is disclosed a method of improving water quality, the method comprising adding a pool of isolated Daphnia to a body of water such that the pool of isolated Daphnia is exposed to one or more contaminants which may be in the water. The pool of isolated Daphnia comprise Daphnia which have been resurrected from dormant Daphnia. The pool of isolated Daphnia are allowed to filter from the body of water at least a portion of said one or more contaminants to reduce the level of the one or more contaminants in the body of water. After a period of time, at least a portion of the Daphnia containing said one or more contaminants are removed from the body of water, thereby improving the water quality of the body of water.

A metal coated polymer membrane, a method for the production thereof, an electrofiltration device, or an electrosorption device, and a method of electrofiltration and electrosorption using a metal coated polymer membrane. The polymer membrane is coated with metal using Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD).

A completely biological method for removing a first group of micropollutants of pharmaceutical origin and a second group of micropollutants of pharmaceutical origin from raw wastewater includes: providing a first buffer tank upstream of a bioreactor; providing a moving bed membrane bioreactor (MB-MBR) for developing biomass growth both on a fixed support and in suspension in a form of flocs, and on mobile supports, the bioreactor obtaining an effluent with a COD concentration of organic matter of less than 50 mg l.sup.−1 and a total nitrogen concentration of less than 15 mg l.sup.1; providing a biofiltration tank, separate from the first buffer tank of the bioreactor, that includes one or more biologically activated carbon (BAC) columns containing activated carbon; supplying the first buffer tank upstream of the bioreactor with raw wastewater containing micropollutants of pharmaceutical origin; pretreating the wastewater by passing the wastewater through a fine mesh sieve.

A treatment system and method for cephalosporin wastewater are disclosed. The treatment system includes: a flocculation and sedimentation device, an alkali reaction tank, a PAC reaction tank, a PAM reaction tank, a wastewater heat exchanger, a wastewater heater and an oxidation reactor that are connected with each other in sequence, wherein the wastewater heat exchanger is provided with a material inlet, a material outlet, a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet. An oxidized water from the oxidation reactor enters the wastewater heat exchanger from the heat source inlet, the heat source outlet is connected with a product canister, the product canister is connected with a membrane filtration device to realize concentration treatment of a landfill leachate, the material inlet is connected with the PAM reaction tank, and the material outlet is connected with the wastewater heater. An outer side of the oxidation reactor is provided with a micro-interfacial generation system for dispersing and breaking a gas into bubbles. The treatment system of the prevent invention improves the contact of reaction phase interfaces after arranging the micro-interfacial generation system, which ensures a good wastewater treatment effect under relatively mild operating conditions.

Use of Keplerate type polyoxomolybdates of the general structure Mo.sub.72M.sub.30, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Cr, V or Mo.sub.2, for decontaminating aqueous media (water) from inorganic and organic pollutants.

The object of the invention is a personal and foldable device for the purification of water, which is used to filter water by means of the action of a removable filter whose function is to filter the water obtained in any medium, in order to improve the conditions of the same and make it suitable for human consumption.

This device is fundamentally conceived to facilitate its use in any place due to its particular compact and deployable configuration that makes it easily transportable, maintaining the water filtering and purifying performance for which it has been conceived.

The device comprises an upper body or deployable filter, which incorporates the filter and a lower body or carrier, deployable and removable with respect to the upper body, in which this lower body consists of a container itself that is designed to consume the purified water that passes through the filter of the upper body.

Disclosed is a method for degrading antibiotics by aqueous phase transfer catalysis using an anionic liquid and hydrogen peroxide, including: adding hydrogen peroxide to a wastewater containing the antibiotics to obtain a first mixture, and adjusting a pH of the first mixture to 3-4 to form an aqueous phase, and adding a catalyst to a water-insoluble ionic liquid to obtain a second mixture, and stirring the second mixture to form an ionic liquid phase, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of ferrocene, iron dodecyl sulfonate, ferrous dodecyl sulfonate, and copper dodecyl sulfonate; and mixing the aqueous phase and the ionic liquid phase in a volume ratio of (8-11):1 to obtain a mixed phase, and stirring the mixed phase to degrade the antibiotics.

The invention relates to a process for working up water containing 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide and/or 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone as impurities, comprising: (a) mixing the water containing 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide and/or 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone as impurities with an organic solvent in which 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide and/or 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone have a solubility of at least 0.5 wt % based on the amount of 4,4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfoxide and/or 4, 4′-dichlorodiphenyl sulfone and organic solvent at 20° C., which forms a two-phase system with water and which can be stripped from water with a stripping gas and subsequently separating the obtained mixture into an aqueous phase and an organic phase, and (b) stripping the organic solvent from the aqueous phase with a stripping gas.

A process for the primary clarification of feeds, including chemically treated flocculated feeds, containing the target biomolecules of interest such as mAbs, mammalian cell cultures, or bacterial cell cultures, using a primary clarification depth filtration device without the use of a primary clarification centrifugation step or a primary clarification tangential flow microfiltration step. The primary clarification depth filtration device contains a porous depth filter having graded porous layers of varying pore ratings. The primary clarification depth filtration device filters fluid feeds, including chemically treated flocculated feeds containing flocculated cellular debris and colloidal particulates having a particle size distribution of approximately about 0.5 μm to 200 μm, at a flow rate of about 10 litres/m.sup.2/hr to about 100 litres/m.sup.2/hr. Kits and methods of using and making the same are also provided.

The present invention refers to an industrial process and system that is efficient and advantageous for inactivation of liquid wastes contaminated by mutagenic, genotoxic and/or teratogenic substances arising from high potency APIs production using inactivation chemical agents and excluding ozone, heat or UV light source.