This disclosure includes systems and methods for extracting water vapor from atmospheric air and, more particularly, but not by way of limitation, systems and methods for optimizing liquid water production from air, in some instances, taking into account diurnal variations. The systems comprise an adsorption zone an a desorption zone, an actuator to move a desiccant between the adsorption zone and the desorption zone. The liquid water production is optimized based, at least in part, on measurements of one or more of: an ambient air temperature, ambient air relative humidity, and a level of solar insolation.

The present invention relates to a filter medium (10) for air and/or water cleaning, comprising a semiconductor photocatalytic material (14) and a light energy source (15) for radiating light provided to activate photocatalytic reactions of the semiconductor photocatalytic material (14). The light energy source (15) is configured as a support (16) for the semiconductor photocatalytic material (14). The filter medium (10) can be incorporated into a filter unit (100).

A fluid flow conduit according to one embodiment comprises: a body comprising a channel-defining surface which defines a principal flow channel extending in a longitudinal direction, wherein the body defines an interior flow region comprising the principal flow channel; an inlet for introducing fluid into the interior flow region, the inlet shaped so that an average velocity of fluid entering the interior flow region from the inlet is oriented in an inlet flow direction non-parallel to the longitudinal direction; and an outlet for conveying fluid out of the principal flow channel, the outlet spaced apart from the inlet in the longitudinal direction such that fluid that passes from the inlet to the outlet passes through at least a portion of the principal flow channel; wherein the fluid flow conduit defines a recess in the interior flow region and facing the inlet.

A water filter cartridge having an ultraviolet sterilizing function and a water purifier are provided. The water filter cartridge includes a housing, a filtering component, a plurality of flow channels, and an ultraviolet module. The housing has an upper chamber and a lower chamber in fluid communication with the upper chamber. The filtering component is disposed in the upper chamber. The flow channels are arranged in the lower chamber and stacked in a multi-layered arrangement. The ultraviolet module includes an ultraviolet light emitting element disposed in the lower chamber.

A water treatment device comprising a clear container with lid surrounded by a solar reflector, and an insert in the form of a thin sheet or mesh permanently coated with titanium dioxide as a water sanitizing catalyst. The container is filled with non-potable water, covered with the lid, and placed in direct sunlight. Direct and reflected sunlight enters the water through the clear container and lid, where the sunlight's UV radiation and increased solar thermal heat disinfect the water. Further, the catalyst on the insert reacts with dissolved oxygen in the water to produce reactive oxygen species. These reactive species react with and decompose organic compounds in the water, and kill or inactivate pathogens. In addition, the reactive oxygen species further react with the water itself to produce additional free radical species, which also react with and decompose organic compounds and kill or inactivate pathogens.

A semiconductor light-emitting device includes a first bonding pattern made of metal that is formed on a substrate, and a second bonding pattern provided in a base portion and a flange portion of a dome-shaped transparent body. The first and second bonding patterns are bonded to each other via solder, to seal a space in a convex lid portion. The first and second bonding patterns have rectangular ring shapes that surround the semiconductor light-emitting element when viewed from above, at least edges on inner peripheral sides of corner portions thereof are positioned on outer sides of outer peripheral edges of an annular base portion of the convex lid portion, and edges on inner peripheral sides of straight-line portions sandwiched between the corner portions are positioned closer to the semiconductor light-emitting element than the outer peripheral edge of the annular base portion of the convex lid portion.

A UV reactor for disinfecting water and including a UV source printed circuit board assembly transfers heat to a heat sink in the form of a water facing thermal coupler. The UV source printed circuit board assembly may include a metal clad printed circuit board having a thermal contact region in thermal communication with the heat sink.

To provide a light source module device capable of controlling the light distribution of ultraviolet light with a small and simple structure. A light source module device 7 includes a substrate 4, a light source 3 mounted on the substrate 4 and emitting ultraviolet light, a reflector 8 mounted on the substrate 4 so as to surround the light source 3 and reflecting the ultraviolet light by its inner surface to guide the ultraviolet light toward an irradiation target, and a cap-like optical member 9 mounted so as to cover the outer circumference of the reflector 8 and condensing or diffusing the ultraviolet light.

A sterilizing device includes a pipe having an inlet and an outlet and allowing fluid to move therethrough and a light source provided on one side of the pipe and providing light to the fluid. At least a portion of the pipe is provided in a spiral shape and the inlet and/or the outlet are arranged in a light emitting region.

A water dispensing unit adapted for communication with a water supply includes a spout configured to receive water from the water supply and dispense the water to a receptacle for consumption. The water supply includes water received from a municipal water supply and contained within a space directly upstream of a base of the spout. A flow of water from the water supply and into the spout via the base is a downstream water flow. A disinfecting mechanism operable to disinfect water in at least one of the spout or a space immediately upstream of the spout.