Methods, systems, and apparatus, relate to a method for carbon capture from sea water. A first source of sea water into a reverse osmosis chamber. Reverse osmosis is performed on the sea water to produce fresh water and brine. The brine is provided to an electrolyzer. A current is passed through the brine and fresh water, thereby producing a hydroxide solution in a cathode chamber of the electrolyzer. The hydroxide solution is collected and placed into a contacting chamber and new sea water introduced. Precipitates are produced comprising at least calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate.

A method of operating a sequencing batch reactor process includes introducing wastewater to be treated into the sequencing batch reactor and subjecting the wastewater to treatment in the sequencing batch reactor in an aerated anoxic mode in which a quantity of oxygen is supplied at a level insufficient to meet a biological oxygen demand of the wastewater, but sufficient to cause simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reactions to occur in the wastewater.

A method for controlling treatment of an industrial water system is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of providing an apparatus for controlling delivery of at least one treatment chemical, the apparatus comprising at least one sensor and an electronic input/output device carrying out a protocol; measuring a parameter of the industrial water system using the at least one sensor; relaying the measured parameter to the electronic device; adjusting the protocol based on the measured parameter; delivering a concentrated treatment chemical into a stream of the industrial water system according to the adjusted protocol, the concentrated treatment chemical comprising an active ingredient, the active ingredient traced as necessary, the active ingredient having a concentration; repeating the measuring, the adjusting, and the delivering; and optionally repeating the steps for n-number of parameters, n-number of active ingredients, and/or n-number of concentrated treatment chemicals.

This disclosure relates to nitrogen removal with carbon addition, including for wastewater treatment. The denitrification reaction may be terminated at an intermediate nitrite product which is supplied to the anammox reaction. Nitrogen may be removed by use of an electron donor source including, but not limited to, acetate or glycerol at a specific zone. The electron donor may be used to convert nitrate to nitrite through appropriate dosing, anoxic SRT and/or maintenance of a nitrate residual in isolation or in combination. The subsequent supply of nitrite and ammonia for anammox reactions is also proposed. The slower growing anammox may be selectively retained on media or using other physical approaches. The overall intent of the present disclosure is to minimize the use of electron donor by maximizing denitratation and anammox reactions. Test results for selective retention of anammox in biofilm, granular or suspended growth system or nitrate residual control are provided.

In one embodiment, a system includes a disinfection system configured to disinfect a first fluid. The system further includes a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system configured to treat a second fluid, wherein the disinfection system is fluidly coupled to the MBBR system upstream of the MBBR system, downstream of the MBBR, or wherein the disinfection system is disposed in the MBBR system.

Managed ecosystems, methods for producing managed ecosystems and methods for using managed ecosystems for sequestering carbon dioxide are described herein. Produced water is obtained and purified to sustain a managed ecosystem with saline-tolerant vegetation. The managed ecosystem biologically sequesters carbon dioxide by photosynthetically absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and by decomposition into a layer of sediment on the ecosystem floor.

A multi-time scale model predictive control method for wastewater treatment process is designed to control the dissolved oxygen concentration and nitrate nitrogen concentration in different time scales to ensure that the effluent quality meets the standard. In view of the difference of time scales in wastewater treatment process caused by different sampling periods of dissolved oxygen concentration and nitrate nitrogen concentration, prediction models with different time scales are firstly designed to unify the prediction outputs to the fast time scale. Then, the gradient descent algorithm is used to solve the optimal solution with fast time scale to control the wastewater treatment system. It not only conforms to the operation characteristics of wastewater treatment process, but also solves the problem of poor operation performance of multiobjective model predictive control caused by different time scales. The experimental results show that the multi-time scale model predictive control method can achieve accurate on-line control of dissolved oxygen concentration and nitrate nitrogen concentration with fast time scales.

The present disclosure pertains to a system configured to prepare and use prediction models for controlling contaminants of a liquid. Some embodiments may: sense, via a sensor, a magnified image of a sample of the liquid; identify at least one shape in the image; determine a relative predominance of microscopic life forms within at least a portion of the image; and generate a report indicating any required corrective action based on the identification and the determination.

A system for an efficient and sustainable electrochemical treatment of wastewater comprises a reactor tank, a first electrolyzer with a stack of electrolytic cells, each electrolytic cell comprising an anode of a first composition, and a second electrolyzer with a stack of electrolytic cells, each electrolytic cell comprising an anode of a second composition, and a contaminant concentration measuring device for monitoring the contaminant concentration in the reactor tank to the first or to the second electrolyzer. Wastewater to be treated is supplied from the reactor tank to the first electrolyzer until the contaminant concentration becomes substantially constant as measured by the contaminant removal rate being around 0 mg/h, which indicates the buildup of byproducts generated in the first electrolyzer, at which time the wastewater is supplied from the reactor tank to the second electrolyzer with anodes which can efficiently treat the byproducts of the reaction in the first electrolyzer.

The present invention relates to a ballast water treatment pack comprising: a chlorine-based sterilizing agent; and a wrapper formed of a water-soluble film or a water-soluble fiber entangled body for wrapping the chlorine-based sterilizing agent.