A method of operating a sequencing batch reactor process includes introducing wastewater to be treated into the sequencing batch reactor and subjecting the wastewater to treatment in the sequencing batch reactor in an aerated anoxic mode in which a quantity of oxygen is supplied at a level insufficient to meet a biological oxygen demand of the wastewater, but sufficient to cause simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reactions to occur in the wastewater.

An operating method for a batch process, the batch process comprising a plurality of operating phases and within each phase there is provided at least one operating mode, one of the modes of each phase being a standby mode or its equivalent, wherein a transition from a first phase to a second phase requires that the first phase be initialised to its standby mode or equivalent and upon completion of the phase change the second phase enters its standby mode or equivalent.

A microbial fuel cell system includes a supply-drain compartment having a supply port and a drain port of an electrolytic solution. The microbial fuel cell system further includes one or more power generation cassettes provided in the supply-drain compartment and each including a microbial fuel cell including: a positive electrode including a first water-repellent layer in contact with a gas phase and a gas diffusion layer attached to the first water-repellent layer; and a negative electrode holding anaerobic microorganisms. The microbial fuel cell system includes one or more purifying cassettes provided in the supply-drain compartment and each including a second water-repellent layer in contact with the gas phase. The power generation cassettes are arranged on the upstream side in a direction in which the electrolytic solution flows from the supply port toward the drain port, and the purifying cassettes are arranged on the downstream side of the power generation cassettes.

Disclosed are an integrated dual circulation oxidization ditch apparatus for municipal wastewater and a treatment method. The apparatus comprises an anaerobic zone, an anoxic zone, an aerobic zone and a secondary sedimentation tank communicated in sequence. The anoxic zone comprises a first anoxic zone and a second anoxic zone. The aerobic zone comprises a first aerobic zone and a second aerobic zone, and a reflux pump is arranged between the anoxic zone and the aerobic zone. The anaerobic zone, the anoxic zone and the aerobic zone are internally provided with submersible mixers. Both the anoxic zone and the aerobic zone are internally provided with partition walls and guide walls, thereby forming circulation in each zone.

A method of operating a sequencing batch reactor process includes introducing wastewater to be treated into the sequencing batch reactor and subjecting the wastewater to treatment in the sequencing batch reactor in an aerated anoxic mode in in which a quantity of oxygen is supplied at a level insufficient to meet a biological oxygen demand of the wastewater, but sufficient to cause simultaneous nitrification and denitrification reactions to occur in the wastewater.

The present invention relates to a side stream deammonification process where deammonification is performed by a non-continuous flow integrated fixed film activated sludge sequencing batch reactor (IFAS SBR) without the need of employing an external clarifier. More particularly, the present invention entails a single reactor designed to operate as an IFAS SBR or a moving bed bioreactor (MBBR). With the design of the single tank, the two operation modes, MBBR and IFAS SBR, are interchangeable depending on the treatment needs.

The invention relates to a new biological fluidized bed process with high concentration powder carriers used for the treatment of municipal wastewater, which is a fluidized bed system based on the principle of sewage biochemical treatment, by adding a compound powder carrier to the biochemical tank, and forming a high concentration mixture after mixing and microbial attachment; the sludge mixture after the reaction is concentrated and separated, and then enters the compound powder carrier cyclone separation and recovery system, which can separate most of the compound powder carrier from the discharged excess sludge, and then return to the biochemical tank for recycling. The highly integrated municipal wastewater treatment process proposed in the invention has high treatment efficiency, small occupation area, low operation energy consumption, and can realize the doubling of sewage treatment capacity and the improvement of effluent water quality without adding additional occupancy.

Systems and methods for enabling dynamic volumetric transitioning and segmentation of treatment conditions are disclosed. Such treatment conditions may include, by way of example, systems and methods for dynamically transitioning treatment environments within a reactor for activated sludge treatment processes. Such environments may include anaerobic, anoxic, fermentation, suboxic, and aerobic environments.

Disclosed is a method for treating wastewater containing heavy metal. First, the wastewater containing heavy metal is subjected to a homogenization treatment, such that the water quality of the wastewater containing heavy metal from different processes is homogenized. The homogenized wastewater containing heavy metal is subjected to an anaerobic-aerobic circulating treatment in a membrane bioreactor (2), in which heavy metal ions are reduced by the action of microorganisms in the anaerobic treatment process. The membrane bioreactor (2) is filled with a hollow fiber membrane (3) containing a quinone group, which serves as an electron mediator that can accelerate the enzymatic reduction of heavy metal ions during the anaerobic treatment. During the aerobic treatment, the COD and SS in the wastewater are further removed.

The disclosure provides a compact and high-rate bioreactor for wastewater treatment comprising a feeding port for introducing a feed of waste material, a reaction zone in liquid communication with the feed port when the bioreactor is in operation and having an aerator to provide an airlift configuration in the reaction zone; a settling zone comprising a separator for separating a liquid effluent from solid particles; a liquid effluent outlet port for withdrawing the liquid effluent; and a solids outlet port for removing solids. Further provided is a spiral separator for use in a bioreactor and a system comprising the bioreactor and a membrane separator to provide hygienic water.