Water-based paint is used as a sacrificial agent to reduce the detrimental effect of carbon-containing fly ash on the entrainment of air in concrete. The invention provides a composition for reducing the effect of carbon contained in fly ash on air entrainment in cementitious mixtures comprising water, cement, fly ash and entrained air. The composition comprises water-based paint and one or more of pulverized or un-pulverized pozzolan, pulverized or un-pulverized cementitious solids, a superplasticizer, a defoamer, an air-entraining admixture, a water-reducing admixture, a retarding admixture, an accelerating admixture, a hydration control admixture and a rheology modifying admixture. The invention also provides a method of reducing the effect of carbon on air entrainment in carbon-containing fly ash, comprising mixing the fly ash with water-based paint.

Systems and methods for beneficiating a recovered fly ash material and/or recovering fly ash from an impound site are described. The method may include thermally treating a first portion of a recovered fly ash material to form a thermally treated fly ash having a first temperature of at least 1000° F., and contacting the thermally treated fly ash with a second portion of the recovered fly ash material to cool the thermally treated fly ash to a second temperature of less than or equal to 500° F. and form a fly ash product. The fly ash product may have a carbon content less than 8% by weight, based on the total dry weight of the fly ash product.

Systems and methods for beneficiating a recovered fly ash material and/or recovering fly ash from an impound site are described. The method may include thermally treating a first portion of a recovered fly ash material to form a thermally treated fly ash having a first temperature of at least 1000° F., and contacting the thermally treated fly ash with a second portion of the recovered fly ash material to cool the thermally treated fly ash to a second temperature of less than or equal to 500° F. and form a fly ash product. The fly ash product may have a carbon content less than 8% by weight, based on the total dry weight of the fly ash product.

Systems and methods for beneficiating a recovered fly ash material and/or recovering fly ash from an impound site are described. The method may include thermally treating a first portion of a recovered fly ash material to form a thermally treated fly ash having a first temperature of at least 1000 F., and contacting the thermally treated fly ash with a second portion of the recovered fly ash material to cool the thermally treated fly ash to a second temperature of less than or equal to 500 F. and form a fly ash product. The fly ash product may have a carbon content less than 8% by weight, based on the total dry weight of the fly ash product.

A carbon-sequestering geopolymer concrete composition and method of manufacture is disclosed. The composition comprises a geopolymeric binder phase of aluminosilicate materials and an alkaline activator, coarse and fine aggregates, dried marine algae powder, and optional supplementary cementitious materials. This enables significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions during production compared to standard concrete mixes. Additionally, the integrated algae powder facilitates direct capture and mineralization of atmospheric carbon dioxide as the concrete cures. Aspects of embodiments of the invention include the concrete composition; a sidewalk embodiment comprising said concrete; associated sidewalk construction methods; and alternate sidewalk embodiment claims. Compared to conventional concretes, the technology disclosed herein provides over 70% lower CO2 emissions coupled with enhanced carbon mineralization that progresses over the material lifetime. This enables various infrastructure applications to reach carbon-absorbing or carbon-negative performance credentials. The composition also exhibits excellent mechanical strength, freeze-thaw resilience, and extended durability properties.

Systems and methods for accelerating materials engineering through integrated neural network architectures are provided. Multiple specialized neural networks including Graph Convolutional Networks, Crystal Graph Convolutional Networks, and Message Passing Neural Networks work in concert to enable rapid screening and prediction of material properties. The invention implements data processing, training, and validation procedures supported by high-performance computing infrastructure capable of handling multi-month training cycles. Specialized applications include carbon-negative material design, plastic-to-biofuel conversion, and quantum material simulation, while visualization and analysis tools provide insights into atomic structures and reaction pathways. The integrated approach significantly reduces research and development cycles across multiple materials engineering domains.

Systems and methods for beneficiating a recovered fly ash material and/or recovering fly ash from an impound site are described. The method may include thermally treating a first portion of a recovered fly ash material to form a thermally treated fly ash having a first temperature of at least 1000 F., and contacting the thermally treated fly ash with a second portion of the recovered fly ash material to cool the thermally treated fly ash to a second temperature of less than or equal to 500 F. and form a fly ash product. The fly ash product may have a carbon content less than 8% by weight, based on the total dry weight of the fly ash product.

Systems and methods for beneficiating a recovered fly ash material and/or recovering fly ash from an impound site are described. The method may include thermally treating a first portion of a recovered fly ash material to form a thermally treated fly ash having a first temperature of at least 1000 F., and contacting the thermally treated fly ash with a second portion of the recovered fly ash material to cool the thermally treated fly ash to a second temperature of less than or equal to 500 F. and form a fly ash product. The fly ash product may have a carbon content less than 8% by weight, based on the total dry weight of the fly ash product.