Provided is a refractory product which is not impregnated with pitch or the like, wherein it has higher corrosion-erosion resistance and thermal shock resistance as compared to a refractory product subjected to pitch or the like-impregnation treatment. The refractory product which is not impregnated with tar or pitch is characterized in that, in terms of values of physical properties of a sample of the refractory product as measured after heat-treating the sample in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at 1200° C.: an apparent porosity is 7% or less; a total void volume of pores having a pore diameter of 1 μm or less is 80% or more of an integrated void volume of pores of the entire sample of the refractory product; and a gas permeability is 50×10.sup.−17 m.sup.2 or less.

A method for forming a refractory material is described comprising the steps of placing a core material 12 into a granulator device 16, operating the granulator device 16 to form the core material into granules 16, adding a coating material 18 to the granulator device 16, operating the granulator device 16 to result in the formation of a layer 20 of the coating material 18 encapsulating the granules 16, and then heating the coated granules 22. Materials manufactured using the method are also described.

A synthesis method for producing a refractory oxide-ceramic material of CaZrO.sub.3, in particular in the form of a refractory granular material that is preferably mechanically comminuted, in particular crushed and/or ground, as well as to a batch and a coarse ceramic, shaped or unshaped, refractory product containing at least one pre-synthesized refractory calcium zirconate-containing granular material.

A sintered bead with the following crystal phases, in percentages by mass based on crystal phases: 25%≤zircon, or “Z.sub.1”, ≤94%; 4%≤stabilized zirconia+stabilized hafnia, or “Z.sub.2”, ≤61%; monoclinic zirconia+monoclinic hafnia, or “Z.sub.3”≤50%; corundum≤57%; crystal phases other than Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z.sub.3 and corundum<10%; the following chemical composition, in percentages by mass based on oxides: 33%≤ZrO.sub.2+HfO.sub.2, or “Z.sub.4”≤83.4%; HfO.sub.2≤2%; 10.6%≤SiO.sub.2≤34.7%; Al.sub.2O.sub.3≤50%; 0%≤Y.sub.2O.sub.3, or “Z.sub.5”; 0%≤CeO.sub.2, or “Z.sub.6”; 0.3%≤CeO.sub.2+Y.sub.2O.sub.3≤19%, provided that (1) CeO.sub.2+3.76*Y.sub.2O.sub.3≥0.128*Z, and (2) CeO.sub.2+1.3*Y.sub.2O.sub.3≤0.318*Z, with Z=Z.sub.4+Z.sub.5+Z.sub.6−(0.67*Z.sub.1*(Z.sub.4+Z.sub.5+Z.sub.6)/(0.67*Z.sub.1+Z.sub.2+Z.sub.3)); MgO≤5%; CaO≤2%; oxides other than ZrO.sub.2, HfO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, CaO, CeO.sub.2 and Y.sub.2O.sub.3<5.0%.

The present disclosure relates to a magnesium-based raw material and a preparation method thereof. According to the technical solution, 40-60 wt % fused magnesia particles, 30-40 wt % fine monoclinic zirconia powder, 5-20 wt % fine zirconium oxychloride powder, 0.5-1.5 wt % calcium hydroxide nanopowder, 0.2-0.5 wt % calcium hydroxide nanopowder, and 0.1-0.3 wt % maleic acid are stirred for 15 min to mix well in a high-speed mixing mill at a constant temperature of 25° C. to obtain a mixed powder; and the mixed powder is mixed through a ball mill at a constant temperature of 25° C. for 3 min, roasted in a high temperature furnace at 250-400° C. for 0.5-3 h, and finally cooled to room temperature.

A refractory material contains: 40 mass % or more of MgO; 4 to 30 mass % of a free carbon component; and one or more of B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5, SiO.sub.2 and TiO.sub.2, in a total amount of 0.3 to 3 mass %, with the remainder being at least one other type of additional refractory component. A void layer exists in an interface between a carbon-containing matrix microstructure residing at least on opposite sides of a maximum-size one of a plurality of MgO-containing particles in the refractory material, and the maximum-size MgO-containing particle. A sum of respective thicknesses of the void layer at two positions on the opposite sides is 0.2 to 3.0% of a ratio with respect to particle size of the maximum-size MgO-containing particle. An inorganic compound of MgO and the one or more of B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5, SiO.sub.2 and TiO.sub.2 exists entirety or partially in a surface of each of the MgO-containing particles.

A refractory material contains: 40 mass % or more of MgO; 4 to 30 mass % of a free carbon component; and one or more of B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5, SiO.sub.2 and TiO.sub.2, in a total amount of 0.3 to 3 mass %, with the remainder being at least one other type of additional refractory component. A void layer exists in an interface between a carbon-containing matrix microstructure residing at least on opposite sides of a maximum-size one of a plurality of MgO-containing particles in the refractory material, and the maximum-size MgO-containing particle. A sum of respective thicknesses of the void layer at two positions on the opposite sides is 0.2 to 3.0% of a ratio with respect to particle size of the maximum-size MgO-containing particle. An inorganic compound of MgO and the one or more of B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5, SiO.sub.2 and TiO.sub.2 exists entirety or partially in a surface of each of the MgO-containing particles.

Low-carbon monolithic refractories are provided. Methods of manufacturing glass employing low-carbon monolithic refractories are also provided. Methods and apparatuses for glass manufacture for reducing the formation of carbon dioxide blisters during glass manufacture are also provided.

Low-carbon monolithic refractories are provided. Methods of manufacturing glass employing low-carbon monolithic refractories are also provided. Methods and apparatuses for glass manufacture for reducing the formation of carbon dioxide blisters during glass manufacture are also provided.

A high strength ceramic body for use in a regenerative burner media bed, comprising a generally spherical refractory portion and a plurality of irregular aggregate portions distributed randomly throughout the generally spherical portion. The aggregate portions are selected from the group comprising tabular alumina, white fused alumina, mullite, chamotte, and combinations thereof. The generally spherical portion has a porosity of less than 1 percent and is more than 99.5 weight percent alumina.