Provided is a ceramic member in which the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between an insulating ceramic material and an electrically conductive ceramic material is extremely small and therefore any mismatch caused in association with this difference in thermal expansion coefficient does not occur, and which does not undergo any failure such as breakage, cracking, detachment or destruction. The ceramic member (1) includes an electrically conductive ceramic material (2) which contains yttrium oxide as the main component and additionally contains a fibrous electrically conductive substance such as carbon nanotubes in an amount of 0.1 to 3 vol % inclusive and an insulation ceramic material (3) which contains yttrium oxide as the main component, wherein the electrically conductive ceramic material (2) and the insulation ceramic material (3) are adhered to each other in an integrated manner through an adhesive layer (4) which includes an inorganic adhesive material.

Provided is a powder material for producing a three-dimensional object including: a base material; a resin; and resin particles, wherein an amount W (mass %) of carbon remaining in the powder material after heating in a vacuum of 10.sup.−2 Pa or lower at 450 degrees C. for 2 hours satisfies the following formula: W (mass %)<0.9/M, where M represents the specific gravity of the base material.

A nitrogen-containing porous carbon material, and a capacitor and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. A carbon material, a macromolecular material and a modified material are mixed into a preform. The modified material includes nitrogen. A formation process is performed on the preform to obtain a formed object. High-temperature sintering is performed on the formed object to decompose and remove a part of the macromolecular material, while the other part of the macromolecular material and the carbon material together form a backbone structure including a plurality of pores. As such, the nitrogen becomes attached to the backbone structure to form a hydrogen-containing functional group to further obtain the nitrogen-containing porous carbon material. The nitrogen-containing porous carbon material may form a first nitrogen-containing porous carbon plate and a second nitrogen-containing porous carbon plate, which are placed in seawater to form a storage capacitor for seawater.

The invention relates to a method for producing a component from ceramic materials in which a plurality of layers are applied to a base body by means of screen printing or template printing, said layers being formed from a ceramic material, in each case in a defined geometry above one another in the form of a paste or suspension in which powdery ceramic material and at least one binder are included. At least one region is formed here within at least one layer having a defined thickness and geometry composed of a further material that can be removed in a thermal treatment and that is likewise applied in the form of a paste or suspension by means of screen printing or template printing. Electrically functional structures composed of an electrically conductive or semiconductive material are applied to and/or formed on and/or in at least of the ceramic layers prior to the application of a further ceramic layer. The layer structure is then sintered in a thermal heat treatment, with the further material being removed and at least one hollow space being formed with defined dimensions of width, length, and height.

A composite material, compositions, processes and methods of using coal and coal by-products composite ceramics is provided for use as a safe, non-toxic material for construction, building and architecture components. The composite material disclosed herein is formed from resin/coal aggregates that contain and prevent the release of harmful impurities that naturally occur in both coal and coal by-products while the advantages of coal-based composites are made available to the building industry. The strength, density and porosity of the composites can be tailored within a wide range to fit the final application by controlling the materials, form factor and processing parameters during fabrication.

A three-dimensional shaping apparatus includes a stage, a material supply unit that supplies a material containing an inorganic powder and a binder, a laser, and a control unit, and the control unit performs a process of supplying the material onto the stage by controlling the material supply unit, and a process of irradiating the material on the stage with a laser beam with an energy density of 140 J/mm.sup.3 or more by controlling the laser.

One embodiment of the present invention provides a conductive ceramic composition comprising: conductive non-oxide ceramic particles; oxide ceramic particles electrostatically bonded or co-dispersed with the non-oxide ceramic particles; and a binder resin.

A film is formed by use of a composition containing (A) a binder resin, (B) a hard particle, and (C) a solid lubricant selected from the group containing molybdenum disulfide and graphite, wherein the composition contains tungsten carbide as the hard particle, and wherein weight ratio of (B) the hard particles and (C) the solid lubricant, (B)/(C), is in the range of 1 to 3.

A method for producing SiC/SiC composite material according to the present invention includes impregnating a substrate with a slurry containing particles of a flaky lubricant to obtain an impregnated body, drying out a solvent of the slurry from the impregnated body, forming an interface layer on surfaces of the SiC fibers by bending the impregnated body, and transferring the particles of the flaky lubricant to the surfaces of the SiC fibers while stretching the particles, and forming a SiC matrix inside the substrate on which the interface layer is formed. Since a thin interface layer of the flaky lubricant can be formed on the surfaces of the SiC fibers by transferring the flaky lubricant to the surfaces of the SiC fibers, the interface layer reaching inside of the substrate can be easily formed.

A composite material, compositions, processes and methods of using coal and coal by-products composite ceramics is provided for use as a safe, non-toxic material for construction, building and architecture components. The composite material disclosed herein is formed from resin/coal aggregates that contain and prevent the release of harmful impurities that naturally occur in both coal and coal by-products while the advantages of coal-based composites are made available to the building industry. The strength, density and porosity of the composites can be tailored within a wide range to fit the final application by controlling the materials, form factor and processing parameters during fabrication.