The present invention is a composite solid propellant designed to operate in three distinct combustion regimes under various pressure states in the combustion chamber of a solid rocket motor. The design of this propellant facilitates desirable rocket motor operational characteristics, including throttleability, extinguishment, and self-destruction or detonability. The propellant contains ingredients that modify the propellant combustion characteristics to provide the desired behavior, including a surfactant and unaggregated, unagglomerated dispersed primary nanoparticles of aluminum in a polymer binder.

The present invention is a composite solid propellant designed to operate in three distinct combustion regimes under various pressure states in the combustion chamber of a solid rocket motor. The design of this propellant facilitates desirable rocket motor operational characteristics, including throttleability, extinguishment, and self-destruction or detonability. The propellant contains ingredients that modify the propellant combustion characteristics to provide the desired behavior, including a surfactant and unaggregated, unagglomerated dispersed primary nanoparticles of aluminum in a polymer binder.

Provided herein are noctilucent bang snaps capable of producing flashing light when thrown into the air after a short duration of light absorption and staying luminous for 30 minutes when scattered on the ground after falling and explosion, in order to provide the effects of nighttime visibility and ornament. A preparation method of the noctilucent bang snap is also provided that has the advantages of operational simplicity, technical stability, easy availability of raw materials, product excellence, and extremely high commercial value.

Provided herein are noctilucent bang snaps capable of producing flashing light when thrown into the air after a short duration of light absorption and staying luminous for 30 minutes when scattered on the ground after falling and explosion, in order to provide the effects of nighttime visibility and ornament. A preparation method of the noctilucent bang snap is also provided that has the advantages of operational simplicity, technical stability, easy availability of raw materials, product excellence, and extremely high commercial value.

The invention is directed to a solid, porous material for generating hydrogen gas, said material having a porosity of 20 to 75 vol %, and a composition comprising, based on the weight of the material, 50 to 99% of a boron hydride compound, and 1 to 30% of a binder. A further aspect of the invention relates to a gas generator comprising said material and use thereof in aerospace applications.

The invention is directed to a solid, porous material for generating hydrogen gas, said material having a porosity of 20 to 75 vol %, and a composition comprising, based on the weight of the material, 50 to 99% of a boron hydride compound, and 1 to 30% of a binder. A further aspect of the invention relates to a gas generator comprising said material and use thereof in aerospace applications.

An igniter composition has (i) a source of copper selected from basic copper nitrate, copper oxide, copper hydroxide, and/or copper complex of guanylurea nitrate, (ii) one or more oxidizers, (iii) a binder selected from guanidine nitrate and/or guanylurea nitrate, and (iv) an inorganic fuel comprising an elemental metal or metal hydride selected from the group consisting of: titanium, silicon, aluminum, magnesium, iron, and combinations thereof. The igniter composition may be substantially free of boron or contain minimal amounts of boron. A minimum flame temperature at combustion (T.sub.c) of about 2300K (2,027 C.). Such a mixture may be spray dried to form a powder that is compacted to form a solid igniter composition, such as a pellet or grain. The mixture that is spray dried may have a heat of explosion (HEX) of about 1,000 calories per gram (cal/g). Inorganic fuel can then be added to the spray-dried powder.

An igniter composition has (i) a source of copper selected from basic copper nitrate, copper oxide, copper hydroxide, and/or copper complex of guanylurea nitrate, (ii) one or more oxidizers, (iii) a binder selected from guanidine nitrate and/or guanylurea nitrate, and (iv) an inorganic fuel comprising an elemental metal or metal hydride selected from the group consisting of: titanium, silicon, aluminum, magnesium, iron, and combinations thereof. The igniter composition may be substantially free of boron or contain minimal amounts of boron. A minimum flame temperature at combustion (T.sub.c) of about 2300K (2,027 C.). Such a mixture may be spray dried to form a powder that is compacted to form a solid igniter composition, such as a pellet or grain. The mixture that is spray dried may have a heat of explosion (HEX) of about 1,000 calories per gram (cal/g). Inorganic fuel can then be added to the spray-dried powder.

A multi-purpose putty product usable as a lamp fuel, first aid medication, water proofing agent, water sealant, and UV responsive marker is shown and described. The putty component may include waxes, oils, pine gum rosin, powdered metallic thermite fuel, and cotton fibers. Optionally, the putty may include a colorant and plant essential oil as an odorant. The putty may be provided in kit form, with a receptacle and closure, and a tool enabling putty product in the receptacle to be exposed and held erect for service as a wick while burning.

A multi-purpose putty product usable as a lamp fuel, first aid medication, water proofing agent, water sealant, and UV responsive marker is shown and described. The putty component may include waxes, oils, pine gum rosin, powdered metallic thermite fuel, and cotton fibers. Optionally, the putty may include a colorant and plant essential oil as an odorant. The putty may be provided in kit form, with a receptacle and closure, and a tool enabling putty product in the receptacle to be exposed and held erect for service as a wick while burning.