The present invention provides an improved process for removing heat from an exothermic reaction. In particular, the present invention provides a process wherein heat can be removed from multiple reaction trains using a common coolant system.

The present invention provides an improved process for removing heat from an exothermic reaction. In particular, the present invention provides a process wherein heat can be removed from multiple reaction trains using a common coolant system.

A method for carrying out catalytic gas phase reactions including providing a tube bundle reactor which has a bundle of reaction tubes that are filled with a catalyst charge and are cooled by a heat transfer medium, conveying a reaction gas through the catalyst charge, the reaction gas flowing into each reaction tube divided into two part flows introduced in the axial direction of the reaction tube at different points in the catalyst charge the catalyst charge has at least two catalyst layers of different activity, wherein the activity of the first catalyst layer, in the flow direction of the reaction gas, is lower than the activity of the at least one other catalyst layer and in step a first part flow is introduced into the first catalyst layer and each further part flow is introduced past the first catalyst layer into the at least one further catalyst layer.

A method is described for shutting down a Fischer-Tropsch reactor fed with a reactant gas mixture comprising a synthesis gas and a recycle gas recovered from the Fischer-Tropsch reactor in a synthesis loop, said Fischer-Tropsch reactor containing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst cooled indirectly by a coolant under pressure, comprising the steps of: (a) depressurising the coolant to cool the reactant gas mixture to quench Fischer-Tropsch reactions taking place in the Fischer-Tropsch reactor, (b) stopping the synthesis gas feed to the Fischer-Tropsch reactor, and (c) maintaining circulation of the recycle gas through the Fischer-Tropsch reactor during steps (a) and (b) to remove heat from the Fischer-Tropsch reactor. The method safely facilitates a more rapid return to operating conditions than a full shut-down.

The present disclosure provides a composition. In an embodiment, a catalyst composition is provided and includes from 85 mol % to 95 mol % iron metal, and from 15 mol % to 5 mol % indium metal, wherein mol % is based on total moles of iron metal and indium metal. Also provided is a process of contacting, under reaction conditions, a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and optionally water with the catalyst composition. The process includes forming a reaction product composed of light olefins.

A method for carrying out catalytic gas phase reactions including providing a tube bundle reactor which has a bundle of reaction tubes that are filled with a catalyst charge and are cooled by a heat transfer medium, conveying a reaction gas through the catalyst charge, the reaction gas flowing into each reaction tube divided into two part flows introduced in the axial direction of the reaction tube at different points in the catalyst charge the catalyst charge has at least two catalyst layers of different activity, wherein the activity of the first catalyst layer, in the flow direction of the reaction gas, is lower than the activity of the at least one other catalyst layer and in step a first part flow is introduced into the first catalyst layer and each further part flow is introduced past the first catalyst layer into the at least one further catalyst layer.

The present invention provides an improved process for removing heat from an exothermic reaction. In particular, the present invention provides a process wherein heat can be removed from multiple reaction trains using a common coolant system.

The present invention provides an improved process for removing heat from an exothermic reaction. In particular, the present invention provides a process wherein heat can be removed from multiple reaction trains using a common coolant system.

A process for converting a feed stream to C.sub.2 to C.sub.5 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream of hydrogen and at least one carbon-containing component selected from CO, CO.sub.2, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone at an initial reactor pressure and an initial reactor temperature. The feed stream is contacted to a hybrid catalyst positioned in the reaction zone, and the hybrid catalyst includes a methanol synthesis component and a solid microporous acid material. The pressure within the reaction zone is increased during the contacting of the feed stream to the hybrid catalyst from the initial reactor pressure to a final reactor pressure. A temperature within the reaction zone at any time during the contacting of the feed stream to the hybrid catalyst is within 20 C. of the initial reactor temperature.

A process for converting a feed stream to C.sub.2 to C.sub.5 hydrocarbons includes introducing a feed stream of hydrogen and at least one carbon-containing component selected from CO, CO.sub.2, and mixtures thereof into a reaction zone at an initial reactor pressure and an initial reactor temperature. The feed stream is contacted to a hybrid catalyst positioned in the reaction zone, and the hybrid catalyst includes a methanol synthesis component and a solid microporous acid material. The pressure within the reaction zone is increased during the contacting of the feed stream to the hybrid catalyst from the initial reactor pressure to a final reactor pressure. A temperature within the reaction zone at any time during the contacting of the feed stream to the hybrid catalyst is within 20 C. of the initial reactor temperature.