The present invention relates to the compounds of formula (I) below:

##STR00001##

wherein: X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom or a CH radical, The bond XY and Y are absent if X represents an oxygen or sulfur atom, the bond XY and Y are present if X represents a nitrogen atom or a CH radical, When present, Y represents a group R if X represents a nitrogen atom, a hydrogen atom or a group NR.sup.1R.sup.2 if X represents a CH radical, (Het)Ar is an aromatic ring selected from the group consisting of aryl and heteroaryl groups, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 represent, independently of one another, a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a NR.sup.12R.sup.13, a SR.sup.14 group, a OR.sup.14 group or a CF.sub.3 group, When Y is NR.sup.1R.sup.2, the groups NR.sup.1R.sup.2 and (Het)Ar are in the cis-conformation,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
for use in the treatment of proliferative diseases, infectious diseases, allergies, inflammation and/or asthma.

Processes and systems for producing N-vinyl carboxylic acid amides are provided herein. According to some aspects of the present invention, a process for producing an N-vinyl carboxylic acid amide is described that eliminates interim solids handling steps during formation of the intermediate compounds, thereby increasing efficiency and reducing cost. The processes and system described herein may be used for the synthesis of N-vinylformamide and its intermediates, including 1-hydroxyethylformamide and 1-alkoxyethylformamide, or for the synthesis of N-methyl,N-vinylformamide and its intermediates, including N-methyl,1-hydroxyethylformamide and N-methyl,1alkoxyethylformamide.

Processes and systems for producing N-vinyl carboxylic acid amides are provided herein. According to some aspects of the present invention, a process for producing an N-vinyl carboxylic acid amide is described that eliminates interim solids handling steps during formation of the intermediate compounds, thereby increasing efficiency and reducing cost. The processes and system described herein may be used for the synthesis of N-vinylformamide and its intermediates, including 1-hydroxyethylformamide and 1-alkoxyethylformamide, or for the synthesis of N-methyl,N-vinylformamide and its intermediates, including N-methyl,1-hydroxyethylformamide and N-methyl,1alkoxyethylformamide.

This disclosure relates to flavour modification and to compounds of formula (I) ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is selected from C.sub.6-C.sub.20 alkyl, and C.sub.9-C.sub.25 alkenyl, and i) R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen and R.sup.2 the residue of a proteinogenic amino acid; ii) R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are methyl and R.sup.4 is hydrogen; or R.sup.4 is hydrogen and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 form together with the carbon atom to which they are attached cyclopropyl; iii) R.sup.2 is hydrogen, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together are CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2,
useful in modifying flavours.

This disclosure relates to flavour modification and to compounds of formula (I) ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is selected from C.sub.6-C.sub.20 alkyl, and C.sub.9-C.sub.25 alkenyl, and i) R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen and R.sup.2 the residue of a proteinogenic amino acid; ii) R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are methyl and R.sup.4 is hydrogen; or R.sup.4 is hydrogen and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 form together with the carbon atom to which they are attached cyclopropyl; iii) R.sup.2 is hydrogen, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together are CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2,
useful in modifying flavours.

The present invention provides compounds useful in treating or preventing inflammation acne, bacterial conditions and promoting the appearance of healthy skin and compositions including these compounds.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a specified -amino acid, the method including allowing a specified -amino acid amide and water to react with each other in the presence of a zirconium compound which contains zirconium and at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of lithium, nickel, copper, zinc, cesium, barium, hafnium, tantalum, cerium, and dysprosium.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a specified -amino acid, the method including allowing a specified -amino acid amide and water to react with each other in the presence of a zirconium compound which contains zirconium and at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of lithium, nickel, copper, zinc, cesium, barium, hafnium, tantalum, cerium, and dysprosium.

There is disclosed a process for the co-production of long chain -amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) reacting long chain ketoacid derivative with hydroxylamine or subjecting ketoacid derivative to an ammoximation to yield oxime derivative; (2) subjecting oxime derivative to Beckmann rearrangement to yield a mixture of mixed amide derivatives; (3) hydrolyzing the mixed amide derivatives to produce long chain -amino acid and long chain dibasic acid.

There is disclosed a process for the co-production of long chain -amino acid and long chain dibasic acid, comprising: (1) reacting long chain ketoacid derivative with hydroxylamine or subjecting ketoacid derivative to an ammoximation to yield oxime derivative; (2) subjecting oxime derivative to Beckmann rearrangement to yield a mixture of mixed amide derivatives; (3) hydrolyzing the mixed amide derivatives to produce long chain -amino acid and long chain dibasic acid.