Various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to the modelling, treatment, reducing resistance to the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of diseases/symptoms induced by multiple myeloma. Embodiments include methods of treating a bone related disease, comprising the steps of: administering to a subject at least one therapeutically effective dose of a compound disclosed herein.

A method for extracting rare earth metals (e.g., lanthanides and/or actinides) from aqueous solution, the method comprising: (i) acidifying an aqueous solution containing said rare earth metals with sulfuric acid to result in an acidified aqueous solution containing 1-12 M concentration of sulfuric acid; and (ii) contacting the acidified aqueous solution with an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solution comprising a rare earth extractant molecule dissolved in an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solvent to result in extraction of one or more of the rare earth metals into the aqueous hydrophobic solution, wherein the rare earth extractant molecule has the following structure: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups containing 1-20 carbon atoms, provided that the total carbon atoms in R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is at least 12; and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms.

A method for extracting rare earth metals (e.g., lanthanides and/or actinides) from aqueous solution, the method comprising: (i) acidifying an aqueous solution containing said rare earth metals with sulfuric acid to result in an acidified aqueous solution containing 1-12 M concentration of sulfuric acid; and (ii) contacting the acidified aqueous solution with an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solution comprising a rare earth extractant molecule dissolved in an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solvent to result in extraction of one or more of the rare earth metals into the aqueous hydrophobic solution, wherein the rare earth extractant molecule has the following structure: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups containing 1-20 carbon atoms, provided that the total carbon atoms in R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is at least 12; and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms.

Various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to the modelling, treatment, reducing resistance to the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of diseases/symptoms induced by multiple myeloma. Embodiments include methods of treating a bone related disease, comprising the steps of: administering to a subject at least one therapeutically effective dose of a compound disclosed herein.

Described herein are compounds that are farnesoid X receptor agonists, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds in the treatment of conditions, diseases, or disorders associated with farnesoid X receptor activity.

Described herein are compounds that are farnesoid X receptor agonists, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds in the treatment of conditions, diseases, or disorders associated with farnesoid X receptor activity.

A method for extracting rare earth metals (e.g., lanthanides and/or actinides) from aqueous solution, the method comprising: (i) acidifying an aqueous solution containing said rare earth metals with sulfuric acid to result in an acidified aqueous solution containing 1-12 M concentration of sulfuric acid; and (ii) contacting the acidified aqueous solution with an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solution comprising a rare earth extractant molecule dissolved in an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solvent to result in extraction of one or more of the rare earth metals into the aqueous hydrophobic solution, wherein the rare earth extractant molecule has the following structure:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups containing 1-20 carbon atoms, provided that the total carbon atoms in R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is at least 12; and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms.

A method for extracting rare earth metals (e.g., lanthanides and/or actinides) from aqueous solution, the method comprising: (i) acidifying an aqueous solution containing said rare earth metals with sulfuric acid to result in an acidified aqueous solution containing 1-12 M concentration of sulfuric acid; and (ii) contacting the acidified aqueous solution with an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solution comprising a rare earth extractant molecule dissolved in an aqueous-insoluble hydrophobic solvent to result in extraction of one or more of the rare earth metals into the aqueous hydrophobic solution, wherein the rare earth extractant molecule has the following structure:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups containing 1-20 carbon atoms, provided that the total carbon atoms in R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is at least 12; and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups containing 1-3 carbon atoms.

Described herein are compounds that are farnesoid X receptor agonists, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds in the treatment of conditions, diseases, or disorders associated with farnesoid X receptor activity.

Described herein are compounds that are farnesoid X receptor agonists, methods of making such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and medicaments comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds in the treatment of conditions, diseases, or disorders associated with farnesoid X receptor activity.