A novel method of producing an azole derivative represented by General Formula (I) includes: reacting an organometallic reagent formed from 1-bromo-2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)benzene by transmetalation reaction with a bromopyruvic acid derivative to obtain a bromohydrin derivative; and reacting the bromohydrin derivative with imidazole, 1,2,4-triazole, or an alkali metal salt thereof to obtain the azole derivative.

A novel method of producing an azole derivative represented by General Formula (I) includes: reacting an organometallic reagent formed from 1-bromo-2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)benzene by transmetalation reaction with a bromopyruvic acid derivative to obtain a bromohydrin derivative; and reacting the bromohydrin derivative with imidazole, 1,2,4-triazole, or an alkali metal salt thereof to obtain the azole derivative.

A novel method of producing an azole derivative represented by General Formula (I) includes: reacting an organometallic reagent formed from 1-bromo-2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)benzene by transmetalation reaction with a bromopyruvic acid derivative to obtain a bromohydrin derivative; and reacting the bromohydrin derivative with imidazole, 1,2,4-triazole, or an alkali metal salt thereof to obtain the azole derivative.

The present invention relates to a 6-hydroxy-3-hexenyl alkoxymethyl ether compound of the following general formula (1): HOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH═CHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2OCH.sub.2R′ (1), R.sup.1 representing a hydrogen atom, an n-alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group; and also relates to a process for preparing a 3,13-octadecadien-1-ol compound of the following formula (6): CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.3CH═CH(CH.sub.2).sub.8CH═CHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OH (6) from the 6-hydroxy-3-hexenyl alkoxymethyl ether compound (1).

The present invention relates to a 6-hydroxy-3-hexenyl alkoxymethyl ether compound of the following general formula (1): HOCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH═CHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2OCH.sub.2R′ (1), R.sup.1 representing a hydrogen atom, an n-alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group; and also relates to a process for preparing a 3,13-octadecadien-1-ol compound of the following formula (6): CH.sub.3(CH.sub.2).sub.3CH═CH(CH.sub.2).sub.8CH═CHCH.sub.2CH.sub.2OH (6) from the 6-hydroxy-3-hexenyl alkoxymethyl ether compound (1).

The production of solvents for applications such as heat transfer, cleaning, and degreasing, for example. In particular, the production of solvents derived from 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-propene, such as chloro and/or fluoro substituted alkanes and chloro and/or fluoro substituted trifluoropropenyl ethers.

The production of solvents for applications such as heat transfer, cleaning, and degreasing, for example. In particular, the production of solvents derived from 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-propene, such as chloro and/or fluoro substituted alkanes and chloro and/or fluoro substituted trifluoropropenyl ethers.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

To provide a process for producing a desired perfluorinated product at a high yield in a fluorination reaction of a partially fluorinated ester. A perfluorinated compound (4) is obtained by fluorinating in a liquid phase a compound (3) (wherein the fluorine content is at least 30 mass %) obtained by reacting a compound (1) and a compound (2), wherein the compound (1) is HOCH.sub.2—R.sup.A—CH.sub.2OH, the compound (2) is X.sup.1C(═O)—C(R.sup.B)(R.sup.C)(R.sup.D), R.sup.A is a bivalent saturated hydrocarbon group or the like which has no hetero atom such as an etheric oxygen atom, X.sup.1 is a halogen atom, and —C(R.sup.B)(R.sup.C)(R.sup.D) is a branched group.