The invention relates to a composition for the immediate termination of a free-radical polymerization, the use thereof for the stabilization of free-radically polymerizable monomers against free-radical polymerization and a method for the immediate termination of free-radical polymerizations.

The invention relates to a composition for the immediate termination of a free-radical polymerization, the use thereof for the stabilization of free-radically polymerizable monomers against free-radical polymerization and a method for the immediate termination of free-radical polymerizations.

An object of the present invention is to provide a chemical liquid purification method which makes it possible to obtain a chemical liquid having excellent defect inhibition performance. Another object of the present invention is to provide a chemical liquid. The chemical liquid purification method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a chemical liquid purification method including obtaining a chemical liquid by purifying a substance to be purified containing an organic solvent, in which a content of the stabilizer in the substance to be purified with respect to the total mass of the substance to be purified is equal to or greater than 0.1 mass ppm and less than 100 mass ppm.

An object of the present invention is to provide a chemical liquid purification method which makes it possible to obtain a chemical liquid having excellent defect inhibition performance. Another object of the present invention is to provide a chemical liquid. The chemical liquid purification method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a chemical liquid purification method including obtaining a chemical liquid by purifying a substance to be purified containing an organic solvent, in which a content of the stabilizer in the substance to be purified with respect to the total mass of the substance to be purified is equal to or greater than 0.1 mass ppm and less than 100 mass ppm.

A process for reducing the percentage by weight of formaldehyde present in a composition comprising glycolaldehyde, wherein formaldehyde is transformed into one or more formaldehyde acetal(s) and removed from the reactive distillation reaction solution by reactive distillation in the presence of at least one alcohol and a catalyst.

According to the present invention, there is provided a method of producing a salt, including reacting M.sup.+X.sup.− with YH to generate XH and M.sup.+Y.sup.− and subsequently removing the generated XH to obtain the M.sup.+Y.sup.−.

In the method of producing a salt, M.sup.+X.sup.− is a salt of a cation represented by M.sup.+ and an anion represented by X.sup.−, M.sup.+Y.sup.− is a salt of the cation represented by M.sup.+ and an anion represented by Y.sup.−, XH is a conjugate acid of X.sup.−, YH is a conjugate acid of Y.sup.−, M.sup.+Y.sup.− is a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with an active ray or a radioactive ray, a pKa of XH is larger than a pKa of YH, and a ClogP value of XH is larger than 2.

The present invention refers to a method for reducing heavy end formation and catalyst loss in a continuous hydroformylation process, where an olefin or an olefin mixture is reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a reactor assembly (1) in the presence of a rhodium complex catalyst, comprising at least one organobisphosphite ligand, in order to produce an aldehyde. Said method comprising the addition of an epoxide to the reaction mixture and the continuous or discontinuous removal of early heavy ends.

The present invention refers to a method for reducing heavy end formation and catalyst loss in a continuous hydroformylation process, where an olefin or an olefin mixture is reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a reactor assembly (1) in the presence of a rhodium complex catalyst, comprising at least one organobisphosphite ligand, in order to produce an aldehyde. Said method comprising the addition of an epoxide to the reaction mixture and the continuous or discontinuous removal of early heavy ends.

The present invention refers to a method for reducing heavy end formation and catalyst loss in a continuous hydroformylation process, where an olefin or an olefin mixture is reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a reactor assembly (1) in the presence of a rhodium complex catalyst, comprising at least one organobisphosphite ligand, in order to produce an aldehyde. Said method comprising the addition of an epoxide to the reaction mixture and the continuous or discontinuous removal of early heavy ends.

The present invention relates to hydroformylation processes for producing aldehydes. In some embodiments, the process comprises contacting in a reaction zone reactants comprising an olefin, hydrogen and CO in the presence of a rhodium-organophosphite based catalyst, optionally with free organophosphite ligand, and 0.1 to 3 weight percent, based on the total weight of the fluid in the reaction zone, of certain polymers specified herein, such that the solubility of the polymer in the aldehyde is greater than or equal to 1 weight percent at 40° C.