Chemical modulators of PP2A, comprising tricyclic sulfonimidamides are disclosed. The compounds are useful in preventing or treating cancer, diabetes, autoimmune disease, solid organ transplant rejection, graft vs host disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, chronic liver disease, heart failure, neurodegenerative disease and cardiac hypertrophy. The compounds are of formula (I)

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The purpose of the invention is to develop, as drug-candidate compounds, a group of novel compounds having the activity of inhibiting functions of Pin1. The invention provides: a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof; and a Pin1 inhibitor, a pharmaceutical composition, a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for inflammatory diseases, a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for cancer, and a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for adiposity that use said compound/salt. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a cyclopropenium salt bearing an electron withdrawing group suitable for use as a reagent in cyclopropenylation reactions of formula (I). The invention also relates to a process for their preparation, the use thereof as cyclopropenylation reagent, to an electrophilic aromatic substitution process of cyclopropenylation, and to a process for cyclopropenylation of organometallic substrates using said reagents.

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The present invention relates to a cyclopropenium salt bearing an electron withdrawing group suitable for use as a reagent in cyclopropenylation reactions of formula (I). The invention also relates to a process for their preparation, the use thereof as cyclopropenylation reagent, to an electrophilic aromatic substitution process of cyclopropenylation, and to a process for cyclopropenylation of organometallic substrates using said reagents.

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An organic electroluminescence device comprising: a cathode, an anode, and an organic layer disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the organic layer comprises a compound represented by the following formula (1), and a compound A having a Stokes shift of 20 nm or smaller and an emission peak wavelength of 440 nm to 465 nm (at least one of Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 is a monovalent group having a structure represented by the following formula (2)).

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An organic electroluminescence device comprising: a cathode, an anode, and an organic layer disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the organic layer comprises a compound represented by the following formula (1), and a compound A having a Stokes shift of 20 nm or smaller and an emission peak wavelength of 440 nm to 465 nm (at least one of Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 is a monovalent group having a structure represented by the following formula (2)).

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A compound represented by the following formula (1), wherein in the formula, L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are predetermined linking groups, and Ar.sub.1 is a monovalent group having a structure represented by the following formula (2).

##STR00001##

The purpose of the invention is to develop, as drug-candidate compounds, a group of novel compounds having the activity of inhibiting functions of Pin1. The invention provides: a compound represented by formula (I) or a salt thereof; and a Pin1 inhibitor, a pharmaceutical composition, a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for inflammatory diseases, a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for cancer, and a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for adiposity that use said compound/salt.

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Compounds and methods for stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, including post-natal hippocampal and hypothalamic neurogenesis) and/or protecting neuronal cell from cell death are disclosed herein. In vivo activity tests suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic benefits in neuropsychiatric and/or neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, normal aging, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, stroke, radiation therapy, chronic stress, abuse of a neuro-active drug, retinal degeneration, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, physiological weight loss associated with various conditions, as well as cognitive decline associated with normal aging, chemotherapy, and the like.

Compounds and methods for stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, including post-natal hippocampal and hypothalamic neurogenesis) and/or protecting neuronal cell from cell death are disclosed herein. In vivo activity tests suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic benefits in neuropsychiatric and/or neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, normal aging, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, stroke, radiation therapy, chronic stress, abuse of a neuro-active drug, retinal degeneration, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, physiological weight loss associated with various conditions, as well as cognitive decline associated with normal aging, chemotherapy, and the like.