Enantiomers of butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) are present in an enantiomerically enriched enantioenriched mixture of BDDE stereisomers or in an enantiomerically pure BDDE. Enantiomerically enriched or pure BDDE is useful as a cross-linking agent, such as in the preparation of a cross-linked hyaluronic acid product.

Enantiomers of butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) are present in an enantiomerically enriched enantioenriched mixture of BDDE stereisomers or in an enantiomerically pure BDDE. Enantiomerically enriched or pure BDDE is useful as a cross-linking agent, such as in the preparation of a cross-linked hyaluronic acid product.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of fluorinated compounds, to novel compounds containing fluorinated end groups, to the use thereof and to compositions comprising novel compounds containing fluorinated end groups.

The present invention has an object to provide a new compound that is useful as a film forming material for lithography or an optical component forming material, a resin containing a constituent unit derived from said compound, a composition, a resist pattern formation method, a circuit pattern formation method, and a purification method.

A compound represented by formula (1), a resin containing a constituent unit derived from said compound, a composition containing one or more selected from the group consisting of said compound and said resin, a resist pattern formation method using said composition, a circuit pattern formation method, and a purification method thereof.

A method for making a monomer includes reacting an alkanol-substituted phenol with epihalohydrin in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst at a temperature of 50° C. or lower to produce a first intermediate product. The method further includes removing excess epihalohydrin, and after removing excess epihalohydrin, contacting the first intermediate product with a base to produce a second intermediate product, and forming an oxirane-functional vinyl monomer from the second intermediate product. The monomer includes an oxirane group, an unsaturated vinyl bond, and optionally an aromatic spacer between the two functional groups.

A method for making a monomer includes reacting an alkanol-substituted phenol with epihalohydrin in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst at a temperature of 50° C. or lower to produce a first intermediate product. The method further includes removing excess epihalohydrin, and after removing excess epihalohydrin, contacting the first intermediate product with a base to produce a second intermediate product, and forming an oxirane-functional vinyl monomer from the second intermediate product. The monomer includes an oxirane group, an unsaturated vinyl bond, and optionally an aromatic spacer between the two functional groups.

The present invention relates to fluorine compounds (I), (II) and (III), to processes for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof.

The present invention relates to fluorine compounds (I), (II) and (III), to processes for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof.

The present invention relates to fluorine compounds (I), (II) and (III), to processes for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof.

The present invention relates to fluorine compounds (I), (II) and (III), to processes for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof.