An ink set includes a first ink containing the compound represented by formula (y-1) or its salt, a second ink containing one or two or more of the compound represented by formula (m-1) or its salt, the compound represented by formula (m-2) or its salt, a compound represented by formula (m-3) or its salt, and the compound represented by formula (m-4) or its salt, and a third ink containing one or two or more of a compound represented by formula (c-1) or its salt, the compound represented by formula (c-2) or its salt, the compound represented by formula (c-3) or its salt, a compound represented by formula (c-4) or its salt, and the compound represented by formula (c-5) or its salt. ##STR00001##

An ink set includes a first ink containing the compound represented by formula (y-1) or its salt, a second ink containing one or two or more of the compound represented by formula (m-1) or its salt, the compound represented by formula (m-2) or its salt, a compound represented by formula (m-3) or its salt, and the compound represented by formula (m-4) or its salt, and a third ink containing one or two or more of a compound represented by formula (c-1) or its salt, the compound represented by formula (c-2) or its salt, the compound represented by formula (c-3) or its salt, a compound represented by formula (c-4) or its salt, and the compound represented by formula (c-5) or its salt. ##STR00001##

Provided is a method of producing a copper-containing layer, including: step 1: a step of reducing a surface of a substrate, provided that a substrate having a surface formed of a silicic acid compound is excluded, through use of a reducing agent; and step 2: a step of forming a copper-containing layer on the surface having been reduced in the step 1 through use of a thin-film forming raw material containing a copper compound by a plasma atomic layer deposition method.

Provided is a method of producing a copper-containing layer, including: step 1: a step of reducing a surface of a substrate, provided that a substrate having a surface formed of a silicic acid compound is excluded, through use of a reducing agent; and step 2: a step of forming a copper-containing layer on the surface having been reduced in the step 1 through use of a thin-film forming raw material containing a copper compound by a plasma atomic layer deposition method.

Provided are a method for efficiently manufacturing a nitrogen-containing compound, which is used for manufacturing a treatment agent for integrin-related diseases, or a salt thereof and a manufacturing intermediate of the compound or a salt thereof.

A method for manufacturing a novel nitrogen-containing compound or a salt thereof includes (1) a step of obtaining a compound represented by Formula [10] or a salt thereof through an amidation reaction; and (2) a step of deprotecting the compound represented by Formula [10] or a salt thereof.

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A heterogeneous material (e.g., a metal-organic framework or “MOF”) is useful for removing heavy metals from a liquid (e.g., water). The heterogeneous material may incorporate a group 16-containing heterocycle supported on solid media. Thiophene-containing MOFs, such as ATF-1 and DUT-67, may be used to remove lead from water. It is postulated that the metal is adsorbed via non-covalent interactions. The systems and methods described herein may also be applicable to other heavy metals. Thus, the applications are not limited to drinking water purification. Instead, the systems and methods may be used for a broad variety of other applications, such as nuclear waste remediation.

The present invention relates to methods of manufacturing multiple metal propionates in a single reaction using sodium hydroxide as initiator and propionic acid as solvent. The method provides up to 95% conversion with greater than 60% yield. In addition, the method significantly reduces the cost or production by shortening reaction time, eliminating secondary mixing process, and providing simultaneous drying and micronization steps.

The present invention relates to methods of manufacturing multiple metal propionates in a single reaction using sodium hydroxide as initiator and propionic acid as solvent. The method provides up to 95% conversion with greater than 60% yield. In addition, the method significantly reduces the cost or production by shortening reaction time, eliminating secondary mixing process, and providing simultaneous drying and micronization steps.

The invention relates to a method for producing, amongst other things, amino-acid and/or hydroxycarboxylic-acid metal chelates, a solvent-free mixture of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate or oxalate, and the solid organic acid is subjected to intensive mechanical stress. According to the invention, this is done in that the reaction partners are introduced in particle form into a fluid stream of a fluid-bed countercurrent mill operating without grinding elements, wherein mechanical activation of at least one of the reaction partners is effected by collision processes within a reaction chamber formed in a region of the fluid stream, and a solid body reaction to form the metal chelate is triggered. The novel method operates very energy-efficiently and with a high specific yield. It leads to a product having compact particles in the small, single-digit micrometer range having a comparatively narrow particle size distribution and a large surface. The product is homogenous and very pure. Thermal loading or decomposition of the organic chelate ligands, in particular of the amino acids, is likewise avoided, as are contaminants from milling and grinding element abrasion.

The invention relates to a method for producing, amongst other things, amino-acid and/or hydroxycarboxylic-acid metal chelates, a solvent-free mixture of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate or oxalate, and the solid organic acid is subjected to intensive mechanical stress. According to the invention, this is done in that the reaction partners are introduced in particle form into a fluid stream of a fluid-bed countercurrent mill operating without grinding elements, wherein mechanical activation of at least one of the reaction partners is effected by collision processes within a reaction chamber formed in a region of the fluid stream, and a solid body reaction to form the metal chelate is triggered. The novel method operates very energy-efficiently and with a high specific yield. It leads to a product having compact particles in the small, single-digit micrometer range having a comparatively narrow particle size distribution and a large surface. The product is homogenous and very pure. Thermal loading or decomposition of the organic chelate ligands, in particular of the amino acids, is likewise avoided, as are contaminants from milling and grinding element abrasion.