A formic acid decomposition catalyst system includes organometallic complexes having formula 1:

##STR00001##

wherein: M is a transition metal; E is P, N, or C (as in imidazolium carbene); R.sub.1, R.sub.2 are independently C.sub.1-6 alkyl groups; o is 1, 2, 3, or 4; R.sub.3 are independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl groups, OR.sub.14, NO.sub.2, halogen; R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10, R.sub.11, R.sub.12, R.sub.13, R.sub.15, R.sub.16 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 alkyl groups; R.sub.14 is a C.sub.1-6 alkyl group; and X.sup.−is a negatively charge counter ion.

A novel organometallic complex with high reliability is provided. A light-emitting element includes an EL layer between a pair of electrodes. The EL layer includes at least a light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer contains an organometallic complex. The organometallic complex includes a first ligand and a second ligand which are coordinated to a central metal. The HOMO is distributed over the first ligand, and the LUMO is distributed over the second ligand. The first ligand and the second ligand are cyclometalated ligands.

The present disclosure generally relates to phenylenediamine compounds, which may be used as precursors in preparing diazaborole compounds and phosphorescent diazaborole metal complexes. The present disclosure also relates to diazaborole compounds, diazaborole metal complexes, and electroluminescent emission materials and electronic devices thereof. The present disclosure further relates to processes for preparing the phenylenediamine compounds and diazaborole metal complexes.

A method for manufacturing tris(β-diketonato)iridium by reacting β-diketone with an iridium compound, in which an activation treatment including (a) an alkali treatment and (b) an acid treatment described below is applied to the iridium compound to activate the iridium compound, and to subsequently react the β-diketone, (a) an alkali treatment: a treatment of adding alkali to a solution of the iridium compound to raise pH of the solution to a more alkaline side than that before the alkali addition and to not less than 10, and (b) an acid treatment: a treatment of adding acid to the solution subjected to the alkali treatment to lower pH of the solution to a more acidic side than that before the acid addition and to make the pH difference between solutions before and after the acid addition be not less than 0.1 and not more than 10. The present invention allows manufacture of tris(β-diketonato)iridium utilizing a wide variety of β-diketones.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a formic acid including, a first step of allowing carbon dioxide and hydrogen to react with each other in a solution containing a solvent and a catalyst dissolved in the solvent and in the presence of an amine insoluble in the solvent, and allowing a generated formic acid to adsorb to the amine, in which the catalyst contains at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of metal elements belonging to Groups 8, 9, and 10 of a periodic table and the amine is an amine immobilized on a solid.

Metal coordination complexes comprising an iridium atom coordinated to at least one diazabutadiene based ligand having a structure represented by: ##STR00001##
where R1 and R4 are independently selected from the group consisting of C1-C4 alkyl and amino groups, and each of R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1-C3 alkyl, or amino groups are described. Processing methods using the metal coordination complexes are also described.

Provided are compounds of formula Ir(L.sub.A).sub.2L.sub.C where: each ligand L.sub.A can be the same or different and has Formula I

##STR00001##

Also provided are formulations comprising these iridium complexes comprising pyridine-azole ligands. Further provided are OLEDs and related consumer products that utilize these iridium complexes comprising pyridine-azole ligands.

Through the use of a rhodamine appended chelate, a versatile strategy has been demonstrated to generate mitochondria-targeting photosensitizers via the incorporation of variety of luminescent transition metal systems. The generation of triplet excited state of rhodamine moiety endows the complexes with mitochondria-targeting photosensitizing ability to form singlet oxygen (.sup.1O.sub.2) for use as photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent. The combination of rhodamine organic dye and luminescent transition metal centers in such hybrid systems exhibits the synergistic merits, including low dark cytotoxicity, selective tumor cell uptake, high molar absorptivity for low-energy excitation in the visible region, and high photostability.

Novel metal compounds having a first ligand L.sub.A that has the following formula: ##STR00001##
Formula I useful as emitters in OLED application are disclosed.

Provided are an organometallic compound, an organic light-emitting device including the organometallic compound, and an organic light-emitting apparatus including the organic light-emitting device. The organometallic compound has the structure M(L.sub.1).sub.n1(L.sub.2).sub.n2, wherein M is a transition metal, L1 is a ligand represented by the following structure: ##STR00001##
wherein n1 is 1, 2, or 3, and when n1 is two or more, two or more L.sub.1(s) are identical to or different from each other, L.sub.2 is an organic ligand, and n2 is 0, 1, or 2, and when n2 is two or more, two or more L.sub.2(s) are identical to or different from each other. The sum of n1 and n2 is 2 or 3. More details about Formula 2 is provided in the disclosure.