The invention relates to a method for producing aqueous preparations of complexes of platinum group metals (PGM) Pt, Pd, Rh and Ir having the general formula [M.sup.A/M.sup.B/M.sup.C (L).sub.a (H.sub.2O).sub.b (O.sup.2−).sub.c(OH.sup.−).sub.d](OH—).sub.e(H.sup.+).sub.f, wherein M.sup.A=Pt.sup.II or Pd.sup.II, M.sup.B=Pt.sup.IV, M.sup.C=Rh or Ir, L is a neutral monodentate or bidentate donor ligand, and a is an integer between 1 and 4 (or 2) and/or between 1 and 6 (or 3), b is an integer between 0 and 3 (or 5), c is an integer between 0 and 3 (or 4), d is an integer between 0 and 3 (or 5), e is an integer between 0 and 2 (or 3 or 4) and f is an integer between 0 and 4 (or 5). In the method according to the invention, the hydroxo complexes H.sub.2P.sub.d(OH).sub.4 (in the case of M.sup.A=Pd.sup.II), H.sub.2Pt(OH).sub.6 (in the case of M.sup.A=Pt.sup.II and M.sup.B=Pt.sup.IV) or H.sub.3M.sup.C(OH).sub.6 (for M.sup.C=Rh.sup.III Ir.sup.III) are converted in the presence of the donor ligands, wherein at least one hydroxo group of the hydro complex is exchanged. Preferably, the reaction occurs at temperatures in the range of 40 to 110° C. with a reaction time of between 2 and 24 hours, wherein, where MA=PtII, the conversion additionally occurs in the presence of a reduction agent. The method optionally further comprises an exchange of OH anions bound outside of the complex sphere with other anions (e.g. hydrogen carbonate or carbonate anions). The aqueous preparations contain PGM complexes such as [Pt(en).sub.2](OH).sub.2, [Pt(EA).sub.4](OH).sub.2 or [Rh(NH.sub.3).sub.6](OH).sub.3 and are used to produce electroplating baths, heterogeneous catalysts or metal powders, for example.

Disclosed are highly active cationic cobalt phosphine complexes, both mono- and bimetallic, that can catalyze hydroformylation reactions. The disclosed catalysts can be utilized in methods that provide reaction processes that are hundreds of times faster than high pressure HCo(CO).sub.4 or phosphine-modified HCo(CO).sub.3(PR.sub.3) catalysts and operate at considerably lower pressures and temperatures. Also disclosed are methods of hydroformylation using the described transition metal complexes. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A process for the synthesis of a cationic rhodium complex comprises the steps of: (a) forming a mixture of a rhodium-diolefin-1,3-diketonate compound and a phosphorus ligand in a ketone solvent, (b) mixing an acid with the mixture to form a solution of the cationic rhodium complex, (c) evaporating at least a portion of the solvent from the solution, (d) optionally, treating the resulting complex with an ether, and (e) treating the resulting complex with an alcohol. The complex may be recovered and used as a catalyst, for example in hydrogenation reactions.

The invention relates to tetraalkylammonium-tetra- or hexahydroxometallates such as tetraethylammonium hexahydroxoplatinate, (N(alkyl)4)y[M(OH)x], a method for the production thereof, and the use thereof for producing catalysts.

The present invention provides a method for preparing rhodium (III) 2-ethylhexanoate solutions which supplies the reaction product with higher space yield, as well as lower sodium and chloride ion content. An aqueous solution of an alkali salt of 2-ethylhexanoate is thereby initially converted with a rhodium (III) precursor. The rhodium (III) precursor is selected from rhodium (III) chloride solution, rhodium (III) chloride hydrate, and rhodium (III) nitrate. The mixture is heated for several hours. After cooling to room temperature, the rhodium (III) 2-ethylhexanoate formed is extracted from the aqueous solution with an alcohol that is immiscible in water or a carboxylic acid that is immiscible in water, and optionally washed with aqueous mineral acid. The rhodium (III) 2-ethylhexanoate solution obtainable in this way may be used directly as catalyst in hydroformylation reactions.

Through the use of a rhodamine appended chelate, a versatile strategy has been demonstrated to generate mitochondria-targeting photosensitizers via the incorporation of variety of luminescent transition metal systems. The generation of triplet excited state of rhodamine moiety endows the complexes with mitochondria-targeting photosensitizing ability to form singlet oxygen (.sup.1O.sub.2) for use as photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent. The combination of rhodamine organic dye and luminescent transition metal centers in such hybrid systems exhibits the synergistic merits, including low dark cytotoxicity, selective tumor cell uptake, high molar absorptivity for low-energy excitation in the visible region, and high photostability.

Provided are a novel ionic solid usable for a secondary battery and demonstratinq a hiqh ionic conductivity, and an ionic conductor containinq the same. An ionic solid, wherein an anionic heterometallic complex composed of one metal M.sup.1 selected from the group consisting of Ir, Rh, Co, Os, Ru, Fe, Ni, Cr and Mn, one metal M.sup.2 selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, Hg, Au, Ag and Cu (provided that when M.sup.1 is Rh, M.sup.2 is not Zn) and a ligand aggregates to form a crystal lattice in which a cationic species is present in an interstice in the crystal lattice.

The invention relates to tetraalkylammonium-tetra- or hexahydroxometallates such as tetraethylammonium hexahydroxoplatinate, (N(alkyl)4)y[M(OH)x], a method for the production thereof, and the use thereof for producing catalysts.

Ligands for use with catalyst compositions used in hydroformylation reactions are described herein. The ligands are used with various solvents and achieve an increase in isoselectivity with an increase in temperature.

The invention relates to a method for producing aqueous preparations of complexes of platinum group metals (PGM) Pt, Pd, Rh and Ir having the general formula [M.sup.A/M.sup.B/M.sup.C (L).sub.a (H.sub.2O).sub.b (O.sup.2−).sub.c(OH.sup.−).sub.d](OH—).sub.e(H.sup.+).sub.f, wherein M.sup.A=Pt.sup.II or Pd.sup.II, M.sup.B=Pt.sup.IV, M.sup.C=Rh or Ir, L is a neutral monodentate or bidentate donor ligand, and a is an integer between 1 and 4 (or 2) and/or between 1 and 6 (or 3), b is an integer between 0 and 3 (or 5), c is an integer between 0 and 3 (or 4), d is an integer between 0 and 3 (or 5), e is an integer between 0 and 2 (or 3 or 4) and f is an integer between 0 and 4 (or 5). In the method according to the invention, the hydroxo complexes H.sub.2P.sub.d(OH).sub.4 (in the case of M.sup.A=Pd.sup.II), H.sub.2Pt(OH).sub.6 (in the case of M.sup.A=Pt.sup.II and M.sup.B=Pt.sup.IV) or H.sub.3M.sup.C(OH).sub.6 (for M.sup.C=Rh.sup.III Ir.sup.III) are converted in the presence of the donor ligands, wherein at least one hydroxo group of the hydro complex is exchanged. Preferably, the reaction occurs at temperatures in the range of 40 to 110° C. with a reaction time of between 2 and 24 hours, wherein, where MA=PtII, the conversion additionally occurs in the presence of a reduction agent. The method optionally further comprises an exchange of OH anions bound outside of the complex sphere with other anions (e.g. hydrogen carbonate or carbonate anions). The aqueous preparations contain PGM complexes such as [Pt(en).sub.2](OH).sub.2, [Pt(EA).sub.4](OH).sub.2 or [Rh(NH.sub.3).sub.6](OH).sub.3 and are used to produce electroplating baths, heterogeneous catalysts or metal powders, for example.