A method of producing a dielectric material by preparing a slurry by mixing a dielectric powder, water, one of an organic-acid metal salt and an inorganic metal salt, and an organic silicon compound, causing the slurry to come into contact with an anion exchange resin to remove an anion derived from the one of the organic-acid metal salt and the inorganic metal salt from the slurry, and drying the slurry to obtain the dielectric material.

A method of producing a dielectric material by preparing a slurry by mixing a dielectric powder, water, one of an organic-acid metal salt and an inorganic metal salt, and an organic silicon compound, causing the slurry to come into contact with an anion exchange resin to remove an anion derived from the one of the organic-acid metal salt and the inorganic metal salt from the slurry, and drying the slurry to obtain the dielectric material.

[Problem] To provide a novel means capable of generating highly stereoselective and/or highly efficient amidation reactions in a variety of substrates having a carboxyl group and an amino group, and capable of producing amide compounds.

[Solution] A reaction agent for amide reactions between carboxyl groups and amino groups and including a silane compound indicated by general formula (A) and/or general formula (B).

##STR00001##

(In general formulas (A) and (B), each substituent represents the definition described in the Claims.)

The photochromic composition contains one or more compounds represented by General Formula A, one or more compounds represented by General Formula B, and one or more compounds represented by General Formula C is provided. In General Formula A, R.sup.1 to R.sup.6, B.sup.1, and B.sup.2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent. In General Formula B, R.sup.7 to R.sup.12, B.sup.3, and B.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 each independently represent an electron-donating group. In General Formula C, R.sup.15 to R.sup.20, B.sup.5, and B.sup.6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and one of R.sup.21 and R.sup.22 represents a hydrogen atom and the other represents an electron-donating group.

##STR00001##

Described are a composition comprising furfuryl silicates and furfuryl alcohol, especially for use as acid-curable binder, and processes for producing such a composition.

Described are a composition comprising furfuryl silicates and furfuryl alcohol, especially for use as acid-curable binder, and processes for producing such a composition.

A composition comprising a monomer of the general formula (M1) wherein M is a metal or semimetal of main group 3 or 4 of the periodic table; X.sup.M1, X.sup.M2 are each O; R.sup.M1, R.sup.M2 are the same or different and are each an —CR.sup.aR.sup.b—Ar—O—R.sup.c; Ar is a C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 carbocyclic ring system; R.sup.a, R.sup.b are the same or different and are each H or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl; R.sup.c is C.sub.1-C.sub.22-alkyl, benzyl or phenyl; q according to the valency and charge of M is 0 or 1; X.sup.M3, X.sup.M4 are the same or different and are each O, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl, or —CH.sub.2—; R.sup.M3, R.sup.M4 are the same or different and are each R.sup.M1, H, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkyl, or a polymer selected from a polyalkylene, a polysiloxane, or a polyether.

##STR00001##

A composition comprising a monomer of the general formula (M1) wherein M is a metal or semimetal of main group 3 or 4 of the periodic table; X.sup.M1, X.sup.M2 are each O; R.sup.M1, R.sup.M2 are the same or different and are each an —CR.sup.aR.sup.b—Ar—O—R.sup.c; Ar is a C.sub.6 to C.sub.30 carbocyclic ring system; R.sup.a, R.sup.b are the same or different and are each H or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl; R.sup.c is C.sub.1-C.sub.22-alkyl, benzyl or phenyl; q according to the valency and charge of M is 0 or 1; X.sup.M3, X.sup.M4 are the same or different and are each O, C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl, or —CH.sub.2—; R.sup.M3, R.sup.M4 are the same or different and are each R.sup.M1, H, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkyl, or a polymer selected from a polyalkylene, a polysiloxane, or a polyether.

##STR00001##

An object of the present invention is to provide a silicon oligomer having a novel function that has not been achieved by a conventional condensation product of water and a tetraalkoxysilane. Provided are a silicon oligomer represented by the following formula (I) and a production method therefor:

##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.10 each independently is an alkyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group, each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X.sub.1 to X.sub.3 each independently is a group represented by the following formula (II); n is 0 or 1; and m is an integer of 1 to 3 when n is 0, and m is 1 when n is 1:

##STR00002## wherein A is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms which may be branched, and 1 is an integer of 1 to 3.

An object of the present invention is to provide a silicon oligomer having a novel function that has not been achieved by a conventional condensation product of water and a tetraalkoxysilane. Provided are a silicon oligomer represented by the following formula (I) and a production method therefor:

##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 to R.sub.10 each independently is an alkyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group, each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X.sub.1 to X.sub.3 each independently is a group represented by the following formula (II); n is 0 or 1; and m is an integer of 1 to 3 when n is 0, and m is 1 when n is 1:

##STR00002## wherein A is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms which may be branched, and 1 is an integer of 1 to 3.