A silirane-functionalized compound that consists of a substrate to which a least two silirane groups of the formula (1) are covalently bonded, a mixture containing the silirane-functionalized compounds, and a process for preparing siloxanes using the mixture are described herein.

Provided is a method that allows for a safer production of a naphthylsilole for use as a starting material for GNR, which involves reacting a compound of formula (1):

##STR00001##

(wherein R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a (poly)ether group, an ester group, a halogen atom, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, or a heterocyclic group; R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b are optionally bound to each other to form a ring; R.sup.2 represents an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or a heterocyclic ring; and X represents a bromine or iodine atom) with a lanthanide- and lithium-containing ate complex to produce a lanthanide complex of the compound of formula (1); and then reacting it with a silyl compound of formula (2):

R.sup.3aR.sup.3bSiCl.sub.2  (2)

(wherein R.sup.3a and R.sup.3b are the same or different and represent an optionally branched C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group or a phenyl group).

Tricyclic compounds, and in particular novel dibenzoxazepin derivates are disclosed herein, which were quite surprisingly found as having OMA1 and/or OPA1 modulatory properties. Compounds of present invention may provide useful for the treatment of certain conditions and diseases, which are amenable to OMA1 and/or OPA1-modulatory therapies. Such conditions may include conditions and diseases prevalent in the elderly, including cancer. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of present invention may be combined with other treatments or further comprise other pharmaceutically active ingredients.

A catalyst system comprising a combination of: 1) an activator; 2) one or more metallocene catalyst compounds; 3) a support comprising an organosilica material, which is a mesoporous organosilica material. The organosilica material is a polymer of at least one monomer of Formula [Z.sup.1OZ.sup.2 SiCh.sub.2].sub.3(i), where Z.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, or a bond to a silic-on atom of another monomer and Z.sup.2 represents a hydroxyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4alkoxy group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 salkyl group, or an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another monomer. This invention further relates to processes to polymerize olefins comprising contacting one or more olefins with the above catalyst system.

A photovoltaic module comprising: (a) a photovoltaic laminate including: two or more electrically conducting dements extending through the photovoltaic laminate so that power is moved from one photovoltaic module towards another photovoltaic module or towards an inverter; and (b) one or more connectors connected to each of the two or more electrically conducting elements by a connection joint, each of the one or more connectors include: two or more opposing terminals that each are connected to and extend from one of the two or more electrically conducing elements; wherein a dielectric space is located between the two or more opposing terminals and the dielectric space blocks material used to form a connection joint from passing from a first terminal to a second terminal, the material from the connection joint cools before the material passes from one terminal to a second terminal, the material fails to travel from the first terminal to the second terminal, or a combination thereof.

A catalyst system comprising a combination of: 1) one or more catalyst compounds comprising at least one oxygen linkage, such as a phenoxide transition metal compound; 2) a support comprising an organosilica material, which may be a mesoporous organosilica material; and 3) an optional activator. Useful catalysts include biphenyl phenol catalysts (BPP). The organosilica material may be a polymer of at least one monomer of Formula [Z.sup.1OZ.sup.2SiCH.sub.2].sub.3 (I), where Z.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group, or a bond to a silicon atom of another monomer and Z.sup.2 represents a hydroxyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl group, or an oxygen atom bonded to a silicon atom of another monomer. This invention further relates to processes to polymerize olefins comprising contacting one or more olefins with the above catalyst system.

This application relates in part to an organic electroluminescent element including a substrate, a pair of electrodes including an anode and a cathode, disposed on the substrate, and an organic layer(s) including a light emitting layer, in which the organic layer(s) contains a compound represented by the following formula (1), in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 are each hydrogen or a substituent, at least one of R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 and at least one of R.sup.5 to R.sup.8 are each a substituent represented by the formula (2); R.sup.9 to R.sup.12, Z.sup.1 to Z.sup.4, Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, and L.sup.1 are as defined herein. ##STR00001##

A dibenzoheterocyclic compound wherein band gaps of HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the dibenzoheterocyclic compound are wide, light can be emitted in a deep blue light-emitting region; and the LUMO energy level of the dibenzoheterocyclic compound is low, so the LUMO energy level matches with an electron transport layer for electrons injection and transport. The dibenzoheterocyclic compound has hole transport performance, so as a light-emitting layer material, the dibenzoheterocyclic compound balances the ratio of electrons to holes in a light-emitting layer increasing the combination probability and improving the device light-emitting efficiency. The spatial configuration of the dibenzoheterocyclic compound avoids material stacking molecules, reduces annihilation of excitons, and inhibits efficiency roll-off. The dibenzoheterocyclic compound has thermal stability, so deep blue light can be emitted efficiently and stably. With an organic light-emitting diode and a deep blue light-emitting device with high light-emitting efficiency, low working voltage can be obtained.

The compound represented by the following general formula is useful as a light emitting material. Ar.sup.1 represents an arylene group, Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3 represent an aryl group, and R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, provided that at least one of R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 represents a diarylamino group. ##STR00001##

A condensed cyclic compound and an organic light-emitting device, the condensed cyclic compound being represented by Formula 1: ##STR00001##