This invention relates the use of cortisol blockers (e.g., glucocorticoid receptor [GR] antagonists) for the treating or preventing viral infections, treating or preventing treatment resistant prostate cancer, treating or preventing neoplasia, and treating or preventing infection related to acute or chronic injury or disease.

This invention relates the use of cortisol blockers (e.g., glucocorticoid receptor [GR] antagonists) for the treating or preventing viral infections, treating or preventing treatment resistant prostate cancer, treating or preventing neoplasia, and treating or preventing infection related to acute or chronic injury or disease.

Provided is a nucleoside derivative represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

or a salt thereof, wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkoxy group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R.sup.2 and R.sup.4, which may be the same as or different from each other, each represents a hydrogen atom, a protective group for a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, a protected phosphate group, or —P(═O).sub.nR.sup.5R.sup.6 in which n represents 0 or 1, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, which may be the same as or different from each other, each represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a protected hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a protected mercapto group, an alkoxy group, a cyanoalkoxy group, an amino group, or a substituted amino group, provided that when n is 1, both R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 cannot be the hydrogen atom at the same time; R.sup.3 represents —(CH.sub.2).sub.mNHR.sup.7 in which m represents an integer of 1 to 6, R.sup.7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or a protective group for an amino group; and B represents a purin-9-yl group, a 2-oxo-pyrimidin-1-yl group, a substituted purin-9-yl group, or a substituted 2-oxo-pyrimidin-1-yl group.

The invention relates to novel heterocyclic compounds and pharmaceutical preparations thereof. The invention further relates to methods of treating or preventing cancer using the novel heterocyclic compounds of the invention.

The invention relates to novel heterocyclic compounds and pharmaceutical preparations thereof. The invention further relates to methods of treating or preventing cancer using the novel heterocyclic compounds of the invention.

The present invention provides an amidite compound capable of improving a yield and a purity of a polyoligonucleotide, a glycoside compound as an intermediate thereof, and a production method for a polynucleotide using the amidite compound. The present invention also provides an amidite compound of formula (1) capable of improving a yield and a purity of a polyoligonucleotide, a glycoside compound of formula (10) (in formulae (10) and (1), B.sup.a, R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c, G.sup.1, G.sup.2, and G.sup.3 are as defined in the description, and R is represented by the following formulae), and a production method for a polynucleotide using the amidite compound.

The present invention provides a crystalline and an amorphous form of a Molnupiravir and methods of making the crystalline form and amorphous form of Molnupiravir.

The present invention provides a crystalline and an amorphous form of a Molnupiravir and methods of making the crystalline form and amorphous form of Molnupiravir.

A modified cytidine compound, that is, an aminooxy group is modified at the 4-position of a cytidine pyrimidine ring to produce derivative cytidine and nucleic acid containing the derivative cytidine, such as RNA. The expression level of the nucleic acid containing the modified cytidine, in particular mRNA, in the body is significantly improved.

Embodiments of the present application relate to functionalized N-acetylgalactosamine-analogs, methods of making, and uses of the same. In particular, mono or trivalent N-acetylgalactosamine analogs may be prepared by utilizing a wide variety of linkers containing functional groups. These functionalized N-acetylgalactosamine-analogs may be used in the preparation of targeted delivery of oligonucleotide-based therapeutics.