The polymerization stability and the chemical stability and the water resistance of resin films are improved. A surfactant composition according to an embodiment contains a surfactant (A) represented by general formula (1) and an anionic surfactant (B) having a hydrophobic group different from that of the surfactant (A). In the formula, R.sup.1 represents one or two groups selected from groups below, D.sup.1 represents a polymerizable unsaturated group represented by chemical formula D.sup.1-1 or D.sup.1-2 below, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, m1 and m2 represent 1 to 2, A.sup.1 represents an alkylene group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m3 represents 1 to 100. ##STR00001##

The polymerization stability and the chemical stability and the water resistance of resin films are improved. A surfactant composition according to an embodiment contains a surfactant (A) represented by general formula (1) and an anionic surfactant (B) having a hydrophobic group different from that of the surfactant (A). In the formula, R.sup.1 represents one or two groups selected from groups below, D.sup.1 represents a polymerizable unsaturated group represented by chemical formula D.sup.1-1 or D.sup.1-2 below, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, m1 and m2 represent 1 to 2, A.sup.1 represents an alkylene group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m3 represents 1 to 100. ##STR00001##

Systems, devices, and methods are provided for producing a 3d-printable composite material for large scale printing. A method can include receiving a first component comprising a (meth)acrylic monomer or a (meth)acrylic oligomer, or a combination thereof. The method can include receiving a second component comprising a photoinitiator and a third component comprising a polymerization enhancer. The method can include mixing the first component, second component, and third component with a mixing reactor to form a mixture. The method can include filtering the mixture with a filtration unit and removing a solid residue from the mixture. The method can include curing the filtered mixture with a radiation unit into a gel component and a liquid component. The method can include separating the gel component with a phase separation unit and then milling the gel component. And the method can include mixing the gel component, the photoinitiator, the mineral filler and optionally the recycled previously printed composite material to form the composite material.

Systems, devices, and methods are provided for producing a 3d-printable composite material for large scale printing. A method can include receiving a first component comprising a (meth)acrylic monomer or a (meth)acrylic oligomer, or a combination thereof. The method can include receiving a second component comprising a photoinitiator and a third component comprising a polymerization enhancer. The method can include mixing the first component, second component, and third component with a mixing reactor to form a mixture. The method can include filtering the mixture with a filtration unit and removing a solid residue from the mixture. The method can include curing the filtered mixture with a radiation unit into a gel component and a liquid component. The method can include separating the gel component with a phase separation unit and then milling the gel component. And the method can include mixing the gel component, the photoinitiator, the mineral filler and optionally the recycled previously printed composite material to form the composite material.

The present invention relates to a coating composition and a coating film prepared therefrom, and more particularly, to a coating composition for preparing a coating film exhibiting more improved mechanical and optical properties together with self-healing properties and impact resistance; and to a coating film prepared therefrom.

The present invention relates to a coating composition and a coating film prepared therefrom, and more particularly, to a coating composition for preparing a coating film exhibiting more improved mechanical and optical properties together with self-healing properties and impact resistance; and to a coating film prepared therefrom.

Bio-based glacial acrylic acid, produced from hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof and having impurities of hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof, is polymerized to poly(acrylic acid) or superabsorbent polymer using the same processes as petroleum-derived glacial acrylic acid.

Bio-based glacial acrylic acid, produced from hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof and having impurities of hydroxypropionic acid, hydroxypropionic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof, is polymerized to poly(acrylic acid) or superabsorbent polymer using the same processes as petroleum-derived glacial acrylic acid.

Provided are hollow particles which are more excellent in heat resistance and dispersibility than ever before and which are lightweight. The hollow particles containing hollow resin particles having a surface covered with inorganic fine particles, wherein a volume average particle diameter of the hollow particles is from 0.1 μm to 9.0 μm, and a void ratio thereof is from 55% to 95%; wherein a repeating unit constituting the resin of the hollow resin particles contains a crosslinkable monomer unit, and a content of the crosslinkable monomer unit is from 25 to 100 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin; wherein a primary particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles is from 10 nm to 120 nm; and wherein the inorganic fine particles are contained at from 5 to 180 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hollow resin particles.

Provided are hollow particles which are more excellent in heat resistance and dispersibility than ever before and which are lightweight. The hollow particles containing hollow resin particles having a surface covered with inorganic fine particles, wherein a volume average particle diameter of the hollow particles is from 0.1 μm to 9.0 μm, and a void ratio thereof is from 55% to 95%; wherein a repeating unit constituting the resin of the hollow resin particles contains a crosslinkable monomer unit, and a content of the crosslinkable monomer unit is from 25 to 100 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin; wherein a primary particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles is from 10 nm to 120 nm; and wherein the inorganic fine particles are contained at from 5 to 180 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hollow resin particles.