Optical elements and compositions are provided which include an extruded polymer, and a plurality of fluorophores disposed within. The fluorescent compositions have quantum yields greater than 50% and are stable in performance over long durations of time under oxygen, moisture, and light exposure. In some embodiments, the extruded polymer is prepared as pellets, microparticles, nanoparticles, or films.

Optical elements and compositions are provided which include an extruded polymer, and a plurality of fluorophores disposed within. The fluorescent compositions have quantum yields greater than 50% and are stable in performance over long durations of time under oxygen, moisture, and light exposure. In some embodiments, the extruded polymer is prepared as pellets, microparticles, nanoparticles, or films.

The present invention relates to a binder composition for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, which is characterized by containing (A) polyvinyl alcohol, (B) at least one selected from a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and a neutralized salt of the copolymer and (C) at least one selected from an amino acid, a carboxylic acid-containing polymer and a polyamine; and a binder aqueous solution for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, a slurry composition for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, each containing the binder composition; and others.

The present invention relates to a binder composition for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, which is characterized by containing (A) polyvinyl alcohol, (B) at least one selected from a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and a neutralized salt of the copolymer and (C) at least one selected from an amino acid, a carboxylic acid-containing polymer and a polyamine; and a binder aqueous solution for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, a slurry composition for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, each containing the binder composition; and others.

A water based paint that can be used to form a superhydrophobic coating includes a fluorinated particulate filler, a water soluble or water suspendable resin, and an aqueous solvent. The superhydrophobic paint can be applied to a surface where the loss of the solvent results in a superhydrophobic coating.

A water based paint that can be used to form a superhydrophobic coating includes a fluorinated particulate filler, a water soluble or water suspendable resin, and an aqueous solvent. The superhydrophobic paint can be applied to a surface where the loss of the solvent results in a superhydrophobic coating.

The present invention provides a binder for a secondary battery that can reduce the initial resistance value of the secondary battery. A binder for a secondary battery comprising a polymer compound, wherein the polymer compound contains repeating units represented by formulae (1), (2), and (3):

##STR00001## in formula (1), R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and M is a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal atom; and in formula (3), R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and when a total ratio of repeating units constituting the polymer compound is taken as 100 mol %, a total ratio of the repeating unit represented by formula (3) is less than 2 mol %.

The present invention provides a binder for a secondary battery that can reduce the initial resistance value of the secondary battery. A binder for a secondary battery comprising a polymer compound, wherein the polymer compound contains repeating units represented by formulae (1), (2), and (3):

##STR00001## in formula (1), R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and M is a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal atom; and in formula (3), R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and when a total ratio of repeating units constituting the polymer compound is taken as 100 mol %, a total ratio of the repeating unit represented by formula (3) is less than 2 mol %.

The present invention provides a binder for a secondary battery that can reduce the initial resistance value of the secondary battery. A binder for a secondary battery comprising a polymer compound, wherein the polymer compound contains repeating units represented by formulae (1), (2), and (3):

##STR00001## in formula (1), R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and M is a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal atom; and in formula (3), R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and when a total ratio of repeating units constituting the polymer compound is taken as 100 mol %, a total ratio of the repeating unit represented by formula (3) is less than 2 mol %.

Provided is a water-soluble film for molding a packaging capsule which is capable of enclosing chemical agents especially a detergent, has a robust property that prevents leakage of the detergent through suitable thickness and strength and an easy-processing property that keeps robustness not to make a drawn portion break in mold-processing such as deep drawing, further has a soluble resistance that does not make the chemical agent elute within 30 seconds in water at 20° C. and a complete-solubility property within a short period of time in dish-washing and clothes-washing, also has sufficient solubility and complete-solubility properties for film portions around the perimeter edge pasted with a water-soluble film for a top, and exhibits a strong-sealing property to have a temporal stability.

A water-soluble film comprises one or more kinds of anion-group-modified polyvinyl alcohols including repeating units from a fatty acid vinyl ester comonomer and anion-group-containing repeating units, in which a degree of saponification thereof is set from 91 mol% or more to 99 mol% or less and a degree of modification by anion groups is set from 1.0 mol% or more to 6.0 mol% or less so that an amount of anion-group modification is set from 1.0 mol% or more to 3.5 mo%l or less to a total amount of the anion-group-modified polyvinyl alcohols, and are formed by including less than 45 parts by mass of a plasticizer per 100 parts by mass of a total amount of the anion-group-modified polyvinyl alcohols, and have a tensile modulus of 100 MPa or less.