Embodiments in accordance with the present invention encompass compositions encompassing a latent organo-ruthenium catalyst, an organo-ruthenium compound and a pyridine compound along with one or more monomers which undergo ring open metathesis polymerization (ROMP) when said composition is heated to a temperature from 80° C. to 150° C. or higher to form a substantially transparent film. Alternatively the compositions of this invention also undergo polymerization when subjected to suitable radiation. The monomers employed therein have a range of refractive index from 1.4 to 1.6 and thus these compositions can be tailored to form transparent films of varied refractive indices. The compositions of this invention further comprises inorganic nanoparticles which form transparent films and further increases the refractive indices of the compositions. Accordingly, compositions of this invention are useful in various opto-electronic applications, including as coatings, encapsulants, fillers, leveling agents, among others.

An osmium-containing conjugated polymer and methods thereof. A structural formula of the osmium-containing conjugated polymer is formula I, a reaction formula of the osmium-containing conjugated polymer is a formula II.

The present application discloses a polyhydroxy aromatic intermediate, preparation thereof and use thereof in a polycondensate water-reducer with branched side chains. The polycondensate water-reducer with branched side chains has a branched side chain structure which provides a stronger steric hindrance. The synergistic effect of the branched side chains and the rigid skeleton of the aromatic ring greatly improves the water-reducing ability. Especially under a condition of low water/cement ratio, the improvement in water-reducing ability is more obvious. The branched polyether side chain is more conducive to the formation of a thicker water film layer, which has an obvious viscosity reduction effect. The conformation of the branched polyether side chain is less affected by different ionic environments in the pore solution in cement, and thus has a stronger adaptability to various raw materials. The water-reducer is suitable for the preparation of high-strength concrete, self-compacting concrete and concrete with low water-to-binder ratio and high volume of mineral admixtures, especially for the preparation of concrete containing machine-made sand.

A lithium metal secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a protective layer interposed between the negative electrode and the separator. The protective layer includes an additive, wherein the additive comprises a mixture of hexagonal boron nitride (BN) flakes with an ionomer having a sulfur (S)-containing anionic group and fluorine (F).

The invention discloses a block copolymer intrinsic stretchable electroluminescent elastomer and its preparation method and application. This type of elastomer is made from organic electroluminescent monomers, styrene and 1,3-butadiene through anionic polymerization. The innovation of the present invention is: for the first time, the organic electroluminescence unit is introduced into the elastomer by chemical crosslinking. On the basis of improving the intrinsic stretchability of the elastomer, at the same time, it has characteristics of excellent luminescence and high carrier mobility, novel structure and unique design strategy; meanwhile, it also solves the inherent non-stretchability problem of traditional organic optoelectronic materials and the problem that traditional elastomers do not have electroluminescent properties. This type of elastomer is used as a light-emitting layer material to prepare organic electroluminescent devices with high stability, high stretchability and high efficiency.

The present disclosure provides phosphonated polymers that can be used, for example, as polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) and/or catalyst ionomeric binders for electrodes in PEM fuel cells, and more particularly for high-temperature PEM fuel cells. High-temperature PEM fuel cells that use phosphonated polymers of the present disclosure suffer from reduced or no acid leaching because, in at least some examples, phosphonic acid moieties are covalently bound to the backbone of the polymers. A phosphonated polymer include a backbone having one or more aromatic monomers, with each aromatic monomer having one or more phosphonic acid groups. A phosphonic acid group may include phosphonic acid or a functional group that is hydrolysable into phosphonic acid.

Disclosed herein in various embodiments are aryl-ether free polyaromatic polymers based on random copolymer architecture with two, three, or more aromatic ring components and methods of preparing those polymers. The polymers of the present disclosure can be used as ion exchange membranes, e.g., as anion exchange membranes, and ionomer binders in alkaline electrochemical devices.

The disclosed technology relates generally to apparatus comprising conductive polymers and more particularly to tag and tag devices comprising a redox-active polymer film, and method of using and manufacturing the same. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a substrate and a conductive structure formed on the substrate which includes a layer of redox-active polymer film having mobile ions and electrons. The conductive structure further includes a first terminal and a second terminal configured to receive an electrical signal therebetween, where the layer of redox-active polymer is configured to conduct an electrical current generated by the mobile ions and the electrons in response to the electrical signal. The apparatus additionally includes a detection circuit operatively coupled to the conductive structure and configured to detect the electrical current flowing through the conductive structure.

Disclosed are an active layer composition for a solar cell containing a two-dimensional conjugated polymer that has excellent thermal/chemical stability and may improve power conversion efficiency of an organic solar cell via realization of high open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current, a preparation method of the composition, and an organic solar cell containing the composition. The composition contains a two-dimensional conjugated polymer having a repeating unit represented by a following Chemical Formula 4-2 as an electron donor material:

##STR00001##

where in the Chemical Formula 4-2, n is an integer of 5 to 2000.

Disclosed is a lithium metal secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a protective layer interposed between the negative electrode and the separator. The protective layer comprises an additive, and wherein the additive comprises a mixture of hexagonal boron nitride (BN) flakes and an ionomer comprising a sulfur (S)-containing anionic group and fluorine (F). The sulfur (S)-containing anionic group is at least one selected from the group consisting of SO.sub.4.sup.2− and SO.sub.3.sup.−.