This disclosure relates generally to electrochromic polymers that include a plurality of π-conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and a plurality of conjugation-break spacers (CBSs), where at least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

The present invention relates to certain ring open metathesis polymerized (ROMP) polymers encompassing polycycloolefinic monomers and a certain of olefinic monomers having thermally labile functional group. More specifically, the present invention relates to ROMP polymers under mass polymerization conditions of a series of functionalized norbornene-type monomers and at least one other olefinic monomer containing a thermally labile functional group such as, ether, acetal, ester, and the like. This invention also relates to reaction compositions containing a series of functionalized norbornene-type monomers and at least one other olefinic monomer containing a thermally labile functional group such as, ether, acetal, ester, and the like, which undergo ring open metathesis polymerization to produce materials which are useful as flame retardant materials having a variety of applications.

The present invention concerns the use of a compound having the following formula (I), for the preparation of a polymer. The present invention also concerns the polymers obtained from polymerization of compound of formula (I), and their processes of preparation.

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The organic semiconductor polymers relates to the synthesis of a carbazole-based ladder polymer. The synthesis of the ladder polymer includes forming a precursor conjugated polymer by Suzuki step growth polymerization of 2,7-dibromocarbazole with 1,4-dibromo-2,5-divinylbenzene, followed by end capping with 2-bromostyrene and 2-vinyl-phenylboronic acid. Then, the pendent vinyl groups are closed by ring-closing olefin metathesis to obtain the ladder polymer.

A method of carrying out a metathesis reaction includes the combination of at least one alkene or non conjugated diene with a Ruthenium-based catalyst with an cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene ligand to form a reaction mixture, heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of 100° C. or greater in the absence of a solvent in bulk conditions, and mechanically stirring the reaction mixture. The reaction can be an ADMET, ROMP, a metathesis ring-closure or an olefin exchange reaction.

Disclosed herein, inter alia, are oxidized polyethylene compounds and compositions and methods of making the same.

This disclosure relates generally to electrochromic polymers that include a plurality of π-conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and a plurality of conjugation-break spacers (CBSs), where at least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

This disclosure relates generally to electrochromic polymers that include a plurality of π-conjugated chromophores in spaced relation with one another, and a plurality of conjugation-break spacers (CBSs), where at least one CBS separates adjacent chromophores. The chromophores may be colored in the neutral state, and multicolored to transmissive in different oxidization states.

Macrocyclic polyalkene homopolymers and copolymers can be formed and converted to macrocyclic polyalkanes or macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene) upon hydrogenation or, when the macrocyclic polyalkene is reacted with an alkene in the presence of an olefin metathesis catalyst, to a macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene) comprising vicinal —C(═CR2)—'s. Upon hydrogenation of a macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene) comprising vicinal —C(═CR2)-'s, macrocyclic poly(alkane)s or poly(alkane-co-alkene)s with isolated —C(═CR2)- groups can be provided, depending on the degree of hydrogenation. The poly(alkane-co-alkene)s with isolated —C(═CR2)- units can be used to form poly(macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene))s, poly(macrocyclic poly(alkane))s, and/or bi-, tri-, and/or multi-macrocyclic poly(alkane-co-alkene)s or bi-, tri-, and/or multi-macrocyclic poly(alkane)s.

Poly(sulfonic acid)s including a multiplicity of sulfonic acid units separated by alkylene units in a polymer chain or a copolymer chain, the poly(sulfonic acid) having a degree of crosslinking in a range of from about 0.1 to about 30 percent. Methods of preparing poly(sulfonic acid)s having improved mechanical integrity. The methods may include synthesizing a poly(sulfonic acid) by acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization and reacting a plurality of double bonds afforded by the ADMET polymerization with a crosslinker. The crosslinking reaction may achieve a degree of crosslinking in a range of from about 0.1 to about 30 percent.