A resist topcoat composition and a method of forming patterns using the resist topcoat composition. The resist topcoat composition includes an acrylic copolymer including a first structural unit represented by Chemical Formula M-1, and a second structural unit represented by Chemical Formula M-2; an acid compound; and a solvent

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A resist topcoat composition and a method of forming patterns using the resist topcoat composition. The resist topcoat composition includes an acrylic copolymer including a first structural unit represented by Chemical Formula M-1, and a second structural unit represented by Chemical Formula M-2; an acid compound; and a solvent

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Provided is a plasticizer which can impart excellent heat resistance to a molded article of a vinyl chloride resin composition. Specifically, provided is a plasticizer for vinyl chloride resin, wherein the plasticizer is a polyester represented by the following formula (1) or (2), wherein, in the formulae (1) and (2), B.sub.11 represents an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residue having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, B.sub.12 represents an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residue having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, B.sub.21 represents an aliphatic monoalcohol residue having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, B.sub.22 represents an aliphatic monoalcohol residue having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, G represents an alkylene glycol residue having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an oxyalkylene glycol residue having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, A represents an alkylenedicarboxylic acid residue having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and each of m and n represents the number of repeating units in parentheses.

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A process for emulsion polymerization is provided wherein a non-sulfonated polyester as a protective colloid in the process is provided. The non-sulfonated polyester may be an ethoxylated polyester. A product made by such process and a coating containing the product is also provided.

A process for emulsion polymerization is provided wherein a non-sulfonated polyester as a protective colloid in the process is provided. The non-sulfonated polyester may be an ethoxylated polyester. A product made by such process and a coating containing the product is also provided.

Functionalized compounds including residues of one or more 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds. Preferably the functionalized compound includes the residue of two or more 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds, which are spaced apart. The functionalized compound may be produced by a transesterification reaction. The functionalized compounds may be employed in a polymerizable composition and may be used to prepare new polymers, (for example by reacting the alkene group).

Pre-polymers for use as tissue sealants and adhesives, and methods of making and using thereof are provided. The pre-polymers have flow characteristics such that they can be applied through a syringe or catheter but are sufficiently viscous to remain in place at the site of application and not run off the tissue. The pre-polymers are also sufficiently hydrophobic to resist washout by bodily fluids. The pre-polymers are stable in bodily fluids; that is the pre-polymer does not spontaneously crosslink in bodily fluids absent the presence of an intentionally applied stimulus to initiate crosslinking. Upon crosslinking, the adhesive exhibits significant adhesive strength in the presence of blood and other bodily fluids. The adhesive is sufficiently elastic that it is able to resist movement of the underlying tissue. The adhesive can provide a hemostatic seal. The adhesive is biodegradable and biocompatible, causing minimal inflammatory response.

Pre-polymers for use as tissue sealants and adhesives, and methods of making and using thereof are provided. The pre-polymers have flow characteristics such that they can be applied through a syringe or catheter but are sufficiently viscous to remain in place at the site of application and not run off the tissue. The pre-polymers are also sufficiently hydrophobic to resist washout by bodily fluids. The pre-polymers are stable in bodily fluids; that is the pre-polymer does not spontaneously crosslink in bodily fluids absent the presence of an intentionally applied stimulus to initiate crosslinking. Upon crosslinking, the adhesive exhibits significant adhesive strength in the presence of blood and other bodily fluids. The adhesive is sufficiently elastic that it is able to resist movement of the underlying tissue. The adhesive can provide a hemostatic seal. The adhesive is biodegradable and biocompatible, causing minimal inflammatory response.

An object of the present invention is to provide a thermosetting coating material composition of which a transesterification reaction is a curing reaction, the thermosetting coating material having a property of being usable as a coating material composition. The thermosetting resin composition includes a compound (A) which is a compound (A-a) having two or more —COOR (R is a primary or secondary alkyl group) and/or a compound (A-b) having one —COOR (R is a primary or secondary alkyl group) and a hydroxyl group, and a polyol (B) having two or more hydroxyl groups and a transesterification catalyst (C).

An object of the present invention is to provide a thermosetting coating material composition of which a transesterification reaction is a curing reaction, the thermosetting coating material having a property of being usable as a coating material composition. The thermosetting resin composition includes a compound (A) which is a compound (A-a) having two or more —COOR (R is a primary or secondary alkyl group) and/or a compound (A-b) having one —COOR (R is a primary or secondary alkyl group) and a hydroxyl group, and a polyol (B) having two or more hydroxyl groups and a transesterification catalyst (C).