A resist topcoat composition and a method of forming patterns using the resist topcoat composition. The resist topcoat composition includes an acrylic copolymer including a first structural unit represented by Chemical Formula M-1, and a second structural unit represented by Chemical Formula M-2; an acid compound; and a solvent

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An end and monomer functionalized poly(propylene fumarate) polymer and methods for preparing this polymer, comprising isomerized residue of a maleic anhydride monomer and a functionalized propylene oxide monomer according to the formula: ##STR00001## where n is an integer from more than 1 to 100; R is the residue of an initiating alcohol having a propargyl, norbornene, ketone or benzyl functional group; and R′ is a second functional group selected from the group consisting of propargyl groups, 2-nitrophenyl groups, and combinations thereof are disclosed. The end and monomer functional groups allow for post-polymerization modification with bioactive materials using “click” chemistries and use of the polymer for a variety of applications in medical fields, including, for example, 3-D printed polymer scaffold.

An end and monomer functionalized poly(propylene fumarate) polymer and methods for preparing this polymer, comprising isomerized residue of a maleic anhydride monomer and a functionalized propylene oxide monomer according to the formula: ##STR00001## where n is an integer from more than 1 to 100; R is the residue of an initiating alcohol having a propargyl, norbornene, ketone or benzyl functional group; and R′ is a second functional group selected from the group consisting of propargyl groups, 2-nitrophenyl groups, and combinations thereof are disclosed. The end and monomer functional groups allow for post-polymerization modification with bioactive materials using “click” chemistries and use of the polymer for a variety of applications in medical fields, including, for example, 3-D printed polymer scaffold.

To provide an epoxy resin composition that exhibits excellent low-dielectric properties and that is excellent in copper foil peel strength and interlayer cohesion strength in a printed-wiring board application, as well as an active ester resin that provides the epoxy resin composition. An active ester resin having a polyaryloxy unit containing a dicyclopentenyl group and represented by the following formula (1), and a polyarylcarbonyl unit. Here, R.sup.1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, or formula (1a) or formula (1b), and at least one R.sup.2 is formula (1a) or formula (1b); and n represents a number of repetitions of 1 to 5.

##STR00001##

To provide an epoxy resin composition that exhibits excellent low-dielectric properties and that is excellent in copper foil peel strength and interlayer cohesion strength in a printed-wiring board application, as well as an active ester resin that provides the epoxy resin composition. An active ester resin having a polyaryloxy unit containing a dicyclopentenyl group and represented by the following formula (1), and a polyarylcarbonyl unit. Here, R.sup.1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom, or formula (1a) or formula (1b), and at least one R.sup.2 is formula (1a) or formula (1b); and n represents a number of repetitions of 1 to 5.

##STR00001##

A composition for an optical material contains (a) an episulfide compound, (b) a polymerization catalyst, and (c) an ester compound having a halogen at the α position. The (c) ester compound having a halogen at the a position is preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimethyl chloromalonate, diethyl chloromalonate, dimethyl bromomalonate, and diethyl bromomalonate.

A composition for an optical material contains (a) an episulfide compound, (b) a polymerization catalyst, and (c) an ester compound having a halogen at the α position. The (c) ester compound having a halogen at the a position is preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimethyl chloromalonate, diethyl chloromalonate, dimethyl bromomalonate, and diethyl bromomalonate.

The invention relates to a hydroxyl-functional polyester containing a perfluoropolyether block prepared by a method comprising the following steps: a) subjecting a carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether C to a reaction with an epoxy-functional compound D, and b) subjecting the reaction product of step a) to a reaction with a lactone E. The polyester thus prepared can be used in a coating composition, comprising further (b) an OH-functional or epoxy-functional resin, and (c) a hardener comprising groups reactive to the OH or epoxy-functional groups of resin (b).

The invention relates to a hydroxyl-functional polyester containing a perfluoropolyether block prepared by a method comprising the following steps: a) subjecting a carboxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether C to a reaction with an epoxy-functional compound D, and b) subjecting the reaction product of step a) to a reaction with a lactone E. The polyester thus prepared can be used in a coating composition, comprising further (b) an OH-functional or epoxy-functional resin, and (c) a hardener comprising groups reactive to the OH or epoxy-functional groups of resin (b).

A reactive polymer compatibilizer and compatibilized polymer blends are provided. The reactive polymer compatibilizer is generally a copolymer of a fluoropolymer and a non-fluoropolymer that improves the miscibility of fluoropolymers and non-fluoropolymers. The compatibilized polymer blend contain a fluoropolymer, non-fluoropolymer, and reactive polymer compatibilizer. In some embodiments, the reactive polymer compatibilizer may be tailored to achieve desirable characteristics in the compatibilized polymer blends.