The present invention relates to sulfur-containing polyester polyols and to the preparation and use thereof.

A soluble material for three-dimensional modeling, which is used as a raw material of a support material for supporting a three-dimensional object when the three-dimensional object is produced, using a 3D printer of a FDM system, includes a polyester resin including one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer units A with a sulfonate group, one or more dicarboxylic acid monomer units B without a sulfonate group, and one or more diol monomer units. The proportion of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer unit(s) A in the total of all dicarboxylic acid monomer units is from 10 to 70 mol %. The soluble material has hygroscopicity resistance while the material is large in dissolution rate into any neutral water and removable speedily from a precursor of the three-dimensional object without using any aqueous strong alkaline solution.

A soluble material for three-dimensional modeling, which is used as a raw material of a support material for supporting a three-dimensional object when the three-dimensional object is produced, using a 3D printer of a FDM system, includes a polyester resin including one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer units A with a sulfonate group, one or more dicarboxylic acid monomer units B without a sulfonate group, and one or more diol monomer units. The proportion of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer unit(s) A in the total of all dicarboxylic acid monomer units is from 10 to 70 mol %. The soluble material has hygroscopicity resistance while the material is large in dissolution rate into any neutral water and removable speedily from a precursor of the three-dimensional object without using any aqueous strong alkaline solution.

A copolyester, comprising structural units represented by [I], [II], [III] and [IV]. The number of structural units represented by [III] is 1-99% of the number of structural units represented by [I], and the number of structural units represented by [IV] is 0-99% of the number of structural units represented by [I]. Also provided are a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. Because an introduced high-temperature self-crosslinking group and an ion group can improve the melt viscosity and the melt intensity during burning of a copolyester, and effectively enhance the char-forming capability of the copolyester, the copolyester exhibits excellent flame retardance and anti-dripping performance. The preparation process for the copolyester is mature, convenient to operate, and easy to control and apply to industrial production.

##STR00001## ##STR00002## ##STR00003## ##STR00004## ##STR00005##

A method includes applying a composition for forming a resist underlayer film to a substrate having a recess in a surface, and baking the composition for forming a resist underlayer film to form a resist underlayer film for filling at least the recess. The composition for forming a resist underlayer film has a copolymer having a structural unit of following formula (1), a cross-linkable compound, a cross-linking catalyst, and a solvent: ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a C.sub.1-3 alkylene group or a single bond, Z is an —O— group, a —S— group, or a —S—S— group, and Ar is an arylene group.

A method includes applying a composition for forming a resist underlayer film to a substrate having a recess in a surface, and baking the composition for forming a resist underlayer film to form a resist underlayer film for filling at least the recess. The composition for forming a resist underlayer film has a copolymer having a structural unit of following formula (1), a cross-linkable compound, a cross-linking catalyst, and a solvent: ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a C.sub.1-3 alkylene group or a single bond, Z is an —O— group, a —S— group, or a —S—S— group, and Ar is an arylene group.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of marine anti-fouling materials, and discloses a self-polishing zwitterionic anti-fouling resin having a main chain degradability and the preparation therefor and the use thereof. The self-polishing zwitterionic anti-fouling resin is formed by copolymerizing the following three monomers (in the total mass of the monomers): 1% to 80% of an olefinic reactive monomer, 1% to 80% of a cycloketene acetal monomer, and 1% to 80% of a betaine type precursor. The anti-fouling resin has a main chain degradability and a side chain hydrolyzability, and the transition of a coating from being hydrophobic to being hydrophilic is achieved by the hydrolysis of a surface to produce a super-hydrophilic zwitterionic surface, in order to further enhance the anti-fouling ability of the system. The material not only overcomes the disadvantages of poor mechanical properties and poor solubility in an organic solvent of a zwitterionic material, but can also effectively control the long-term stable release of an anti-fouling agent, so as to achieve a synergistic anti-fouling effect of the anti-fouling agent and an anti-protein. The method of the present invention is simple, has a relatively low cost, and is suitable for industrial production. The material is used in the field of marine anti-fouling coatings.

The present disclosure describes a composition including a sulfopolymer, and one or more agrochemicals. The composition exhibits improved sticker characteristic as compared to the same composition without the sulfopolymer. The present disclosure also describes methods of making and using such formulations in agriculture.

The present disclosure describes a composition including a sulfopolymer, and one or more agrochemicals. The composition exhibits improved dispersal and/or re-dispersal characteristics as compared to the same composition without the sulfopolymer. The present disclosure also describes methods of making and using such formulations in agriculture.

An end and monomer functionalized poly(propylene fumarate) polymer and methods for preparing this polymer, comprising isomerized residue of a maleic anhydride monomer and a functionalized propylene oxide monomer according to the formula: ##STR00001## where n is an integer from more than 1 to 100; R is the residue of an initiating alcohol having a propargyl, norbornene, ketone or benzyl functional group; and R′ is a second functional group selected from the group consisting of propargyl groups, 2-nitrophenyl groups, and combinations thereof are disclosed. The end and monomer functional groups allow for post-polymerization modification with bioactive materials using “click” chemistries and use of the polymer for a variety of applications in medical fields, including, for example, 3-D printed polymer scaffold.