Provided is, for example, a pattern-forming composition that contains a triazine ring-containing polymer having a predetermined repeating unit structure, represented by formula [4] below, a crosslinking agent, and an organic solvent.

##STR00001##

Methods of forming nanoporous materials are described herein that include forming a polymer network with a chemically removable portion. The chemically removable portion may be polycarbonate polymer that is removable on application of heat or exposure to a base, or a polyhexahydrotriazine (PHT) or polyhemiaminal (PHA) polymer that is removable on exposure to an acid. The method generally includes forming a reaction mixture comprising a formaldehyde, a solvent, a primary aromatic diamine, and a diamine having a primary amino group and a secondary amino group, the secondary amino group having a base-reactive substituent, and heating the reaction mixture to a temperature of between about 50 degC and about 150 degC to form a polymer. Removing any portion of the polymer results in formation of nanoscopic pores as polymer chains are decomposed, leaving pores in the polymer matrix.

For example, a triazine ring-containing polymer containing a repeating unit structure represented by Formula (24) below,

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.102 represents a crosslinking group.

In an embodiment is provided a polymer that includes a plurality of N-J-N or N—C—S repeating units, wherein each J is independently a carbon atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group; a plurality of hydrophilic groups bonded with the repeating units; and a plurality of hydrophobic groups bonded with the hydrophilic groups and the repeating units. In another embodiment is provided hydrogels of such polymers. The hydrogels may be used as delivery vehicles for various payloads. In another embodiment is provided methods of forming such polymers.

A resist underlayer composition and a method of forming patterns using a resist underlayer composition, the resist underlayer composition including a polymer, the polymer including a structural unit that is a reaction product of an isocyanurate compound, the isocyanurate compound having at least one thiol group thereon, and a solvent.

A curable resin composition including a first bismaleimide compound, a second bismaleimide compound which is different from the first bismaleimide compound, and a cyanate ester monomer. A liquid processible bismaleimide-triazine resin is provided by curing the resin composition. A method of preparing the liquid processible bismaleimide-triazine resin is also disclosed.

For example, a triazine ring-containing polymer containing a repeating unit structure represented by formula (25) below,

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.a represents R.sup.102 or R.sup.103, R.sup.102 represents a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R.sup.103 represents a crosslinking group.

A bulk moulding compound comprising one or more cyanate ester, a catalyst, a filler and reinforcement fibres is provide, whereby the one or more cyanate ester is independently selected from a difunctional cyanate ester compound and/or a polyfunctional cyanate ester and mixtures of these cyanate esters. Furthermore, the catalyst is independently selected from the group consisting of 4,4′ methylene-bis(2,6-diethylaniline) (M-DEA), 4,4′-methylene-bis(3-chloro-2,6-diethyl¬aniline) (M-CDEA), aluminum(III)acetylacetonate, and mixtures thereof.

An object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous coating composition that exhibits a small change in viscosity and can form a coating film having a superior coating film appearance even when the amount of a solvent contained in the aqueous coating composition decreases due to the change of the coating environment. The present invention provides an aqueous coating composition containing a polyurethane resin dispersion (A) and a melamine resin (B), wherein the melamine resin (B) contains a hydrophobic melamine resin, and the polyurethane resin constituting the polyurethane resin dispersion (A) has a viscosity in a range of 101 to 150,000 Pa.Math.s measured at a temperature of 25° C. and a shear rate of 0.1 sec.sup.−1.

Phthalonitrile adhesive formulations are provided. Such an adhesive formulation may comprise an etherimide-phthalonitrile oligomer having formula

##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group or an unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl group; R.sub.2 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group and n has a value of from 1 to 30. Also provided are methods of making and using the adhesive formulations.