Provided herein are dyes, dye-sensitized solar cells, and sequential series multijunction dye-sensitized solar cell devices. The dyes include an electron deficient acceptor moiety, a medium electron density ?-bridge moiety, and an electron rich donor moiety comprising a biaryl, a substituted biaryl, or an R1, R2, R3 substituted phenyl where each of R1, R2, and R3 independently comprises H, aryl, multiaryl, alkyl substituted aryl, alkoxy substituted aryl, alkyl substituted multiaryl, alkoxy substituted multiaryl, OR4, N(R5)2, or a combination thereof; each R4 independently comprises H, alkyl, aryl, alkyl substituted aryl, alkoxy substituted aryl, or a combination thereof; and each R5 independently comprises aryl, multiaryl, alkyl substituted aryl, alkoxy substituted aryl, alkyl substituted multiaryl, alkoxy substituted multiaryl, or a combination thereof. The solar cells include a glass substrate, a dye-sensitized active layer, and a redox shuttle. The devices include at least two dye-sensitized solar cells connected in series. ##STR00001##

Provided herein are dyes, dye-sensitized solar cells, and sequential series multijunction dye-sensitized solar cell devices. The dyes include an electron deficient acceptor moiety, a medium electron density ?-bridge moiety, and an electron rich donor moiety comprising a biaryl, a substituted biaryl, or an R1, R2, R3 substituted phenyl where each of R1, R2, and R3 independently comprises H, aryl, multiaryl, alkyl substituted aryl, alkoxy substituted aryl, alkyl substituted multiaryl, alkoxy substituted multiaryl, OR4, N(R5)2, or a combination thereof; each R4 independently comprises H, alkyl, aryl, alkyl substituted aryl, alkoxy substituted aryl, or a combination thereof; and each R5 independently comprises aryl, multiaryl, alkyl substituted aryl, alkoxy substituted aryl, alkyl substituted multiaryl, alkoxy substituted multiaryl, or a combination thereof. The solar cells include a glass substrate, a dye-sensitized active layer, and a redox shuttle. The devices include at least two dye-sensitized solar cells connected in series. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides a laundry care composition having at least one laundry care ingredient and at least one leuco composition conforming to Formula (I):
Ar.sup.1Ar.sup.2Ar.sup.3CH  (I)
wherein Ar.sup.2 and Ar.sup.3 are independently a carbocyclic aryl or heteroaryl, and Ar.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of: unsubstituted phenyl, electron deficient carbocyclic aryl, and heteroaryl. The present disclosure also provides a method of determining an authentic laundry care composition and test kits for detecting authentic laundry care compositions.

A thermochromic pigment composition comprising: (A) at least one electron-donor organic dye compound, (B) at least one electron-acceptor compound, and (C) at least one compound. The thermochromic pigment composition is microencapsulated and is useable in writing instruments.

A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal display panel that includes red color filters, green color filters, and blue color filters; and an illumination device that illuminates the liquid crystal display panel with white light. The illumination device includes light-emitting elements that emit blue light, a green phosphor that absorbs a portion of the blue light emitted from the light-emitting elements and then emits green light, and a red phosphor that absorbs a portion of the blue light emitted from the light-emitting elements and then emits red light. The blue color filters are made of a colored material that contains a dye, and the chromaticity values x and y of the white light emitted from the illumination device satisfy the relationships 0.24<x and 0.24<y.

A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal display panel that includes red color filters, green color filters, and blue color filters; and an illumination device that illuminates the liquid crystal display panel with white light. The illumination device includes light-emitting elements that emit blue light, a green phosphor that absorbs a portion of the blue light emitted from the light-emitting elements and then emits green light, and a red phosphor that absorbs a portion of the blue light emitted from the light-emitting elements and then emits red light. The blue color filters are made of a colored material that contains a dye, and the chromaticity values x and y of the white light emitted from the illumination device satisfy the relationships 0.24<x and 0.24<y.

A latent additive which is represented by general formula (1). (In the formula, A represents a five-membered or six-membered aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring; each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1-40 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic ring-containing group having 2-20 carbon atoms; and R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2-20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic ring-containing group having 2-20 carbon atoms or a trialkylsilyl group.)

A latent additive which is represented by general formula (1). (In the formula, A represents a five-membered or six-membered aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring; each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1-40 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic ring-containing group having 2-20 carbon atoms; and R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2-20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic ring-containing group having 2-20 carbon atoms or a trialkylsilyl group.)

An aromatic amine derivative represented by formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, L, Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, k, m, and n are the same as defined in the specification, is useful as a material for an organic EL device and realizes an organic EL device with a high efficiency and a long lifetime even when driving it at a low voltage.

An aromatic amine derivative represented by formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, L, Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, k, m, and n are the same as defined in the specification, is useful as a material for an organic EL device and realizes an organic EL device with a high efficiency and a long lifetime even when driving it at a low voltage.