Provided is a coating for forming a conductive release layer capable of forming a conductive release layer having high adhesion to a film base material, suppressing deterioration in conductivity over time in the air, and having a sufficient releasing property. The coating for forming a conductive release layer of the present invention contains a conductive composite including a π-conjugated conductive polymer and a polyanion, an epoxy compound having an epoxy group, a curable silicone, a polyester resin, and an organic solvent.

A method to prepare an oligomer which includes a plurality of pendent alkenyl groups, where the method reacts a copolymer formed by copolymerizing styrene and allyl alcohol comprising a polyhydroxy oligomer wherein n is between about 3 and about 50, and having a structure:

##STR00001##

with an isocyanate having a structure:

##STR00002##

to give a urethane-modified copolymer having a structure:

##STR00003##

A method to prepare an oligomer which includes a plurality of pendent alkenyl groups, where the method reacts a copolymer formed by copolymerizing styrene and allyl alcohol comprising a polyhydroxy oligomer wherein n is between about 3 and about 50, and having a structure:

##STR00001##

with an isocyanate having a structure:

##STR00002##

to give a urethane-modified copolymer having a structure:

##STR00003##

An ink film construction consisting: (a) a printing substrate; and (b) at least one ink film, fixedly adhered to a top surface of the printing substrate, the ink film having an upper film surface distal to the top surface of the substrate, wherein a surface concentration of nitrogen at the upper film surface exceeds a bulk concentration of nitrogen within the film, the bulk concentration measured at a depth of at least 30 nanometers below the upper film surface, and wherein a ratio of the surface concentration to the bulk concentration is at least 1.1 to 1.

An ink film construction consisting: (a) a printing substrate; and (b) at least one ink film, fixedly adhered to a top surface of the printing substrate, the ink film having an upper film surface distal to the top surface of the substrate, wherein a surface concentration of nitrogen at the upper film surface exceeds a bulk concentration of nitrogen within the film, the bulk concentration measured at a depth of at least 30 nanometers below the upper film surface, and wherein a ratio of the surface concentration to the bulk concentration is at least 1.1 to 1.

A curable composition includes an olefin-aromatic vinyl compound-aromatic polyene copolymer satisfying conditions (1) to (4) and an additive resin, which is at least one of a hydrocarbon-based elastomer, polyphenylene ether, olefin-aromatic vinyl compound-aromatic polyene copolymerized oligomer, and aromatic polyene-based resin. (1) The number average molecular weight of the copolymer is 5000 to 100000. (2) The aromatic vinyl compound monomer has 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and the content of the unit of the monomer is 0 to 70 mass %. (3) The aromatic polyene is selected from polyenes having 5 to 20 carbon atoms and a plurality of vinyl and/or vinylene groups in the molecule, and the content of the groups is 1.5 to 20 pieces per number average molecular weight. (4) The olefin is selected from olefins having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and the total monomer units of the olefin, aromatic vinyl compound, and aromatic polyene is 100 mass %.

An aqueous dispersion and an aqueous coating composition comprising the aqueous dispersion, and the aqueous coating composition providing coatings made therefrom with improved anti-corrosion property and good water resistance and block resistance.

A hard mask-forming composition which forms a hard mask used in lithography, including: a resin containing an aromatic ring and a polar group; and a compound containing at least one of an oxazine ring fused to an aromatic ring, and a fluorene ring.

A hard mask-forming composition which forms a hard mask used in lithography, including: a resin containing an aromatic ring and a polar group; and a compound containing at least one of an oxazine ring fused to an aromatic ring, and a fluorene ring.

Polymer fine particles having a number average particle diameter of 50 to 450 nm and a CV value of particle diameter on a number basis of 5% or less, or polymer fine particles having a structural color development property when arranged. An acid value of the polymer fine particles is 5 to 38 mg KOH/g. An emulsion in which the polymer fine particles are dispersed in a medium mainly containing water. In addition, a structure in which the polymer fine particles are arranged and develop color.