Fouling on the surface of biomaterials and medical devices by proteins and microorganisms in the body severely hinders device functionality and drastically shortens lifetime. Currently, there is high demand for coatings that mitigate this biofouling. In this invention, the use of polyacrylamides has been explored in hydrogel coatings by building the largest library of acrylamide-based copolymer anti-biofouling hydrogels (>160 combinations) to date. A combinatorial approach was used, exploiting the ease of hydrogel synthesis to examine a high-throughput screening of platelet adhesion, precursor to thrombosis and a common culprit in biofouling. Applicability has been demonstrated of top-performing polyacrylamide-based hydrogel by (i) coating affinity-based electrochemical biosensors in vitro in a whole blood assay, and (ii) through coating an electrochemical aptamer-based device for real-time monitoring of analytes in an in vivo closed-loop system.

Fouling on the surface of biomaterials and medical devices by proteins and microorganisms in the body severely hinders device functionality and drastically shortens lifetime. Currently, there is high demand for coatings that mitigate this biofouling. In this invention, the use of polyacrylamides has been explored in hydrogel coatings by building the largest library of acrylamide-based copolymer anti-biofouling hydrogels (>160 combinations) to date. A combinatorial approach was used, exploiting the ease of hydrogel synthesis to examine a high-throughput screening of platelet adhesion, precursor to thrombosis and a common culprit in biofouling. Applicability has been demonstrated of top-performing polyacrylamide-based hydrogel by (i) coating affinity-based electrochemical biosensors in vitro in a whole blood assay, and (ii) through coating an electrochemical aptamer-based device for real-time monitoring of analytes in an in vivo closed-loop system.

According to at least one embodiment, there is provided a hard coat laminate film having a total light transmittance of 80% or more and having (γ) a hard coat on at least one surface of (α) an aromatic-polycarbonate resin film containing 30 mol % or more of a structural unit derived from 4,4′-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane-1,1-diyl)diphenol when the total of the structural units derived from aromatic dihydroxy compounds is 100 mol %. According to another embodiment, there is provided a hard coat laminate film having a total light transmittance of 80% or more and having (γ) a hard coat on at least one surface of a transparent laminate film constituted of (α) an aromatic-polycarbonate resin film containing 30 mol % or more of a structural unit derived from 4,4′-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane-1,1-diyl)diphenol, when the total of the structural units derived from aromatic dihydroxy compounds is 100 mol %, and (β) a poly(meth)acrylimide resin film.

Bioinspired chemical additives, coating, and chemical solution useful for enhancing the strength of self-healing hydraulic-cement concrete, comprising of micro/nano/textured dual phobic dot domains, hydrogel polymer, water, mineral oil, and surfactants assembled into micelle emulsion, mixed with cement, water, sand, and aggregates by weight percentage at a mix ratio of from 0.00001/99.9999 to 10.0/90, of which the ratio of water to cement from 0.10 to 0.80 (W/C), the volume fraction of cement for total volume of concrete from 5 to 50%, sand 40% to 90%, and aggregate 40% to 90%, a replacement of cement with cementitious materials from 0.01% to 75%, having an early age of compressive strength over more than 4000 (PSI) within 24 hour, ultimate compressive strength >7500 (PSI) after exposed over one year, gaining a self-healing efficiency over 80(%), contributed to dispersive, hydrogen, ionic chelating interactions, and activated with self-assembling thiol/disulfide plant-based protein fibril's crosslinking bonds.

A cartilage mimetic gel includes double network hydrogels. The double network hydrogels comprise a first crosslinked network and a second crosslinked network. The first crosslinked network can be formed from poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid). The second crosslinked network can be formed from poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylamide).

The present disclosure relates to polymer coatings covalently attached to the surface of a substrate and the preparation of the polymer coatings, such as poly(N-(5-azidoacetamidylpentyl)acrylamide-co-acrylamide) (PAZAM), in the formation and manipulation of substrates, such as molecular arrays and flow cells. The present disclosure also relates to methods of preparing a substrate surface by using beads coated with a covalently attached polymer, such as PAZAM, and the method of determining a nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide attached to a substrate surface described herein.

The present disclosure relates to polymer coatings covalently attached to the surface of a substrate and the preparation of the polymer coatings, such as poly(N-(5-azidoacetamidylpentyl)acrylamide-co-acrylamide) (PAZAM), in the formation and manipulation of substrates, such as molecular arrays and flow cells. The present disclosure also relates to methods of preparing a substrate surface by using beads coated with a covalently attached polymer, such as PAZAM, and the method of determining a nucleotide sequence of a polynucleotide attached to a substrate surface described herein.

Biotin-containing monomers, polymeric materials formed from the biotin-containing monomers, articles containing the polymeric materials, methods of making the articles, and methods of using the articles are provided. The articles can be used, for example, for affinity capture of biotin-binding proteins, including biotin-binding fusion proteins (i.e., a biotin-binding protein fused to another biomaterial). Articles that contain captured biotin-binding proteins can be further used for affinity capture of various biotin-containing biomaterials such as biotinylated proteins. The articles can also be used, for example, for affinity capture of biotin-binding fusion proteins where the fusion protein includes, for example, an enzyme or antibody.

Biotin-containing monomers, polymeric materials formed from the biotin-containing monomers, articles containing the polymeric materials, methods of making the articles, and methods of using the articles are provided. The articles can be used, for example, for affinity capture of biotin-binding proteins, including biotin-binding fusion proteins (i.e., a biotin-binding protein fused to another biomaterial). Articles that contain captured biotin-binding proteins can be further used for affinity capture of various biotin-containing biomaterials such as biotinylated proteins. The articles can also be used, for example, for affinity capture of biotin-binding fusion proteins where the fusion protein includes, for example, an enzyme or antibody.

The active energy ray-curable liquid composition according to the present disclosure is an active energy ray-curable liquid composition that contains water and a curable substance and is curable with an active energy ray, in which the curable substance contains a monofunctional polymerizable monomer having a structure represented by the Formula (1);

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in Formula (1), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a saturated hydrocarbon group, R2 represents a saturated hydrocarbon group that has at least one of a hydroxyl group or an amide bond and may contain a heteroatom, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R1 and R2 may be bonded together to form an aliphatic heterocycle together with a nitrogen atom substituted with R1 and R2 in a case where R1 represents a saturated hydrocarbon group, and a total number of carbon atoms of the saturated hydrocarbon groups represented by R1 and R2 is 5 or more.