An electrically controlled smart window, which includes two transparent plates arranged oppositely, a power supply component and an in-between light-adjusting area. Hereinto the light-adjusting area is divided into a matrix of light-adjusting units by pixel wall(s), and every units are closely arranged in a grid shape. To the power supply component, an electrode is connected with the pixel wall, and another is localized on the center of light-adjusting unit and did with the transparent plate. Both surface-charged liquid crystal polymer particles and conductive packing fluid are filled into the medium between the two transparent plates. According to the present disclosure, cholesteric liquid crystal polymer microparticles with specific reflection band and surface charges are used as basic reflectors, thereby achieving the significant advantages of being easy to manufacture, low cost, and stable performance, without causing interference to electromagnetic signals.

A polymer composition comprising at least one liquid crystalline polymer and an ultrahigh molecular weight siloxane polymer in an amount from about 0.1 to about 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystalline polymer is provided. The siloxane polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 100,000 grams per mole or more.

The sealing material composition of the disclosure includes an unsaturated carbonyl compound having at least two unsaturated carbonyl groups and a curing agent that is thermally reactive with the unsaturated carbonyl compound and contains a compound having at least two of one or more kinds of functional groups selected from the group consisting of a mercaptan group, a hydroxyl group, and a secondary amine group.

Polymerizable compounds, processes and intermediates for their preparation, compositions containing them, polymers made from the compounds or compositions, and uses of the polymerizable compounds, compositions and polymers.

[Object] An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound for use in the manufacture of a PSA or PSVA liquid crystal display device. The polymerizable compound has a sufficiently high polymerization rate. The PSA or PSVA liquid crystal display device has few or no display defects due to a change in pretilt angle, has an adequate pretilt angle, and has high responsiveness. The present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device having the liquid crystal composition. [Solution] The object is achieved by using a liquid crystal composition containing one or two or more polymerizable compounds represented by the general formula (I).

[Object] An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound for use in the manufacture of a PSA or PSVA liquid crystal display device. The polymerizable compound has a sufficiently high polymerization rate. The PSA or PSVA liquid crystal display device has few or no display defects due to a change in pretilt angle, has an adequate pretilt angle, and has high responsiveness. The present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device having the liquid crystal composition. [Solution] The object is achieved by using a liquid crystal composition containing one or two or more polymerizable compounds represented by the general formula (I).

The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds comprising a self-alignment additive for vertical alignment and additionally at least one compound of formula I as described more closely within this disclosure (polymerizable HALS), especially for vertically aligned display applications.

The polymerizable composition contains: a) a polymerizable compound having one or two or more polymerizable groups and satisfying formula (I):

Re(450 nm)/Re(550 nm)<1.0  (I);

b) at least one photopolymerization initiator selected from the group consisting of alkylphenone-based compounds, acylphosphine oxide-based compounds, and oxime ester-based compounds; and c) a polymerization inhibitor. The present invention also provides an optically anisotropic body, a retardation film, an antireflective film, and a liquid crystal display device that are produced using the polymerizable liquid crystal composition. The polymerizable composition of the present invention is excellent in solubility and has high storage stability, so that no precipitation of crystals etc. occurs. When a film-shaped polymer is produced by polymerizing the above composition, the unevenness of the surface of the coating film is small while the alignment of the liquid crystal is maintained, and high durability is obtained. Therefore, the polymerizable composition is useful.

The polymerizable composition contains: a) a polymerizable compound having one or two or more polymerizable groups and satisfying formula (I):

Re(450 nm)/Re(550 nm)<1.0  (I);

b) at least one photopolymerization initiator selected from the group consisting of alkylphenone-based compounds, acylphosphine oxide-based compounds, and oxime ester-based compounds; and c) a polymerization inhibitor. The present invention also provides an optically anisotropic body, a retardation film, an antireflective film, and a liquid crystal display device that are produced using the polymerizable liquid crystal composition. The polymerizable composition of the present invention is excellent in solubility and has high storage stability, so that no precipitation of crystals etc. occurs. When a film-shaped polymer is produced by polymerizing the above composition, the unevenness of the surface of the coating film is small while the alignment of the liquid crystal is maintained, and high durability is obtained. Therefore, the polymerizable composition is useful.

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal device, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and the use of the liquid crystal device. The liquid crystal device according to the present invention has excellent light shielding rate variability characteristics. Such a liquid crystal device can be applied to various optical modulation devices such as a smart window, a window protection film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying a 3D image, or a viewing angle adjustment film.