Polymers comprising at least one unit of formula (1) and their use as semiconducting materials.

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A fluorescent macromolecule comprising: a linear sequence-defined backbone; and a plurality of fluorophores attached to the backbone in a pre-determined order to form a fluorophore sequence, wherein the fluorophores in the fluorophore sequence are separated from one another by a distance permitting interaction between adjacent fluorophores such that the macromolecule emits fluorescence at a plurality of wavelengths when irradiated by light to form a fluorescence emission spectrum, and wherein the fluorescence emission spectrum has a profile that is determined by the fluorophore sequence.

A fluorescent infrared emitting composition comprising a mixture of a first material and a second material wherein the first material is a fluorescent infrared material and the second material is a fluorescent material having a higher photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) and shorter peak wavelength than the infrared emitting material. The composition may be used as the light-emitting layer of an organic light-emitting device.

A light-emitting element containing a light-emitting material with high light emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting element includes a high molecular material and a guest material. The high molecular material includes at least a first high molecular chain and a second high molecular chain. The guest material has a function of exhibiting fluorescence or converting triplet excitation energy into light emission. The first high molecular chain and the second high molecular chain each include a first skeleton, a second skeleton, and a third skeleton, and the first skeleton and the second skeleton are bonded to each other through the third skeleton. The first high molecular chain and the second high molecular chain have a function of forming an excited complex.

A light-emitting element containing a light-emitting material with high light emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting element includes a high molecular material and a guest material. The high molecular material includes at least a first high molecular chain and a second high molecular chain. The guest material has a function of exhibiting fluorescence or converting triplet excitation energy into light emission. The first high molecular chain and the second high molecular chain each include a first skeleton, a second skeleton, and a third skeleton, and the first skeleton and the second skeleton are bonded to each other through the third skeleton. The first high molecular chain and the second high molecular chain have a function of forming an excited complex.

An organic optoelectronic device comprises an active layer comprising a conjugated polymer material which comprises a structure of Formula I:

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wherein

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, and X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are independently selected from the groups consisting of: N, CH and -CR.sup.1. A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 are the same or different electron-withdrawing groups, and A.sup.2 and A.sup.3 are not simultaneously the same as A.sup.1. D.sup.1, D.sup.2 and D.sup.3 are electron-donating group. sp.sup.1 to sp.sup.6 are independently selected from aromatic ring and heterocyclic ring. a, b and c are real numbers, and 0 < a ≦1, 0 ≦b ≦1, 0 ≦c ≦1, a+b+c=1. d, e, f, g, h and i are independently selected from 0, 1 and 2. The organic optoelectronic device of the present invention has adjustable energy gap, and can be a high-performance OPV or a high-detectivity OPD.

The present invention relates to a novel fluorene derivative having a structure of formula (I): wherein X is independently selected from a group consisting of Cl, Br, I, trifluoromethanesulfonate and 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonate; Y is a group of formula —(CH.sub.2).sub.n— where n is an integer ranging from 3 to 12; and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from a group consisting of tert-butyl group, triphenylamine, carbazole and carbazole derivative. The invention further relates to a polymer obtained from the said novel fluorene derivative and methods for preparing the same, as well as their uses as materials for an organic light-emitting diode device.

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Described are conjugated polymers and conjugated polymer nanoparticles formed therefrom. The conjugated polymers and conjugated polymer nanoparticles have a maximum emission of light that occurs within a tissue transparent window of the electromagnetic spectrum. These emission properties are particle-size independent. The sizes of the conjugated nanoparticles are controlled by altering the concentration of the conjugated polymer used to make conjugated polymer nanoparticles. Also described are methods of making conjugated polymer nanoparticles that have larger sizes than have been traditionally reported, involving a modified reprecipitation approach. The conjugated polymers and/or conjugated polymer nanoparticles can be used as fluorescent probes in biological imaging.

Luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) comprising an aqueous microemulsion including at least one photoluminescent compound. Said luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) can be advantageously used in solar devices (i.e. devices for exploiting solar energy) such as, for example, photovoltaic cells (or solar cells), photoelectrolytic cells. Said luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) can also be advantageously used in photovoltaic windows.

A method of identifying a target analyte in a sample containing a light-emitting marker configured to bind to the target analyte and detecting emission from the light-emitting marker. The light-emitting marker comprises a light-emitting polymer comprising a repeat unit of formula (I).

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