An emulsified liquid composition is disclosed comprising a hydrophobic phase, an emulsifying composition of a protonated amide and a protonated amine having defined carbon to nitrogen atom molar ratios and water. The compositions optionally comprise at least one of a defoamer, a coalescent agent, a preservative, a co-emulsifier, chain extender, crosslinker and a rheology modifier. The compositions are useful for application to induce hydrophobicity to inorganic, organic or fiber based materials without undesirable backwetting or re-wetting effects.

An emulsified liquid composition is disclosed comprising a hydrophobic phase, an emulsifying composition of a protonated amide and a protonated amine having defined carbon to nitrogen atom molar ratios and water. The compositions optionally comprise at least one of a defoamer, a coalescent agent, a preservative, a co-emulsifier, chain extender, crosslinker and a rheology modifier. The compositions are useful for application to induce hydrophobicity to inorganic, organic or fiber based materials without undesirable backwetting or re-wetting effects.

An emulsifying dispersant includes, as the main component, vesicles formed from an amphiphilic substance capable of self-assembly or an emulsifying dispersant comprising single particles of a biopolymer as the main component. The particles made from amphiphilic substances capable of self-assembly are used. The amphiphilic substances are selected from among polyoxyethylene-hydrogenated castor oil derivatives wherein the average number of added ethylene oxide molecule is 5 to 15, dialkyldimethyl-ammonium halides wherein the chain length of the alkyl or alkenyl is 8 to 22, and phospholipids or phospholipid derivatives. According to the invention a three-phase structure composed of an aqueous phase, an emulsifying dispersant phase and an oil phase is formed on the surface of an emulsion to give an emulsion (such as emulsion fuel) excellent in thermal stability and long-term stability.

An emulsifying dispersant includes, as the main component, vesicles formed from an amphiphilic substance capable of self-assembly or an emulsifying dispersant comprising single particles of a biopolymer as the main component. The particles made from amphiphilic substances capable of self-assembly are used. The amphiphilic substances are selected from among polyoxyethylene-hydrogenated castor oil derivatives wherein the average number of added ethylene oxide molecule is 5 to 15, dialkyldimethyl-ammonium halides wherein the chain length of the alkyl or alkenyl is 8 to 22, and phospholipids or phospholipid derivatives. According to the invention a three-phase structure composed of an aqueous phase, an emulsifying dispersant phase and an oil phase is formed on the surface of an emulsion to give an emulsion (such as emulsion fuel) excellent in thermal stability and long-term stability.

The invention relates to epoxide-amine adducts obtainable by reaction of one or more primary amines (A) of general formula (I)
Q-NH.sub.2  (I)
with one or more monoepoxides (B) of general formula (II) ##STR00001##
wherein Q is a radical R.sup.t-[OEt].sub.n[OPr].sub.m[OBu].sub.s-, in which R.sup.t is a radical selected from alkyl radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, OEt is an ethylene oxide radical, OPr is a propylene oxide radical and OBu is a butylene oxide radical, n is a number from 0 to 100, m is a number from 3 to 50 and s is a number from 0 to 20 and n+m+s=3 to 170, R is an organic radical selected from aliphatic radicals having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, aromatic radicals having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and araliphatic radicals having 7 to 34 carbon atoms, and p is 0 or 1, wherein (i) the primary amine(s) (A) and the monoepoxide(s) (B) are reacted in an equivalents ratio (A):(B) of from 1:2 to 1:1.35; and (ii) at least 40 mol % of the radicals R are selected from aromatic radicals having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and araliphatic radicals having 7 to 24 carbon atoms; and optionally subsequent salification and/or quaternization and/or modification of the reaction product. The invention furthermore relates to wetting agents and dispersants comprising or consisting of the epoxide-amine adducts and also to the production of the wetting agents and dispersants and to the use of the epoxide-amine adducts and the wetting agents and dispersants for the production of dispersions. The invention also relates to dispersions and particle formulations comprising the epoxide-amine adducts and wetting agents and dispersants.

The invention relates to epoxide-amine adducts obtainable by reaction of one or more primary amines (A) of general formula (I)
Q-NH.sub.2  (I)
with one or more monoepoxides (B) of general formula (II) ##STR00001##
wherein Q is a radical R.sup.t-[OEt].sub.n[OPr].sub.m[OBu].sub.s-, in which R.sup.t is a radical selected from alkyl radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, OEt is an ethylene oxide radical, OPr is a propylene oxide radical and OBu is a butylene oxide radical, n is a number from 0 to 100, m is a number from 3 to 50 and s is a number from 0 to 20 and n+m+s=3 to 170, R is an organic radical selected from aliphatic radicals having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, aromatic radicals having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and araliphatic radicals having 7 to 34 carbon atoms, and p is 0 or 1, wherein (i) the primary amine(s) (A) and the monoepoxide(s) (B) are reacted in an equivalents ratio (A):(B) of from 1:2 to 1:1.35; and (ii) at least 40 mol % of the radicals R are selected from aromatic radicals having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and araliphatic radicals having 7 to 24 carbon atoms; and optionally subsequent salification and/or quaternization and/or modification of the reaction product. The invention furthermore relates to wetting agents and dispersants comprising or consisting of the epoxide-amine adducts and also to the production of the wetting agents and dispersants and to the use of the epoxide-amine adducts and the wetting agents and dispersants for the production of dispersions. The invention also relates to dispersions and particle formulations comprising the epoxide-amine adducts and wetting agents and dispersants.

A surfactant comprising the reaction product of: (a) an epoxidised carboxylic acid ester; and (b) a compound including at least one reactive alcohol and/or amino functional group.

A surfactant comprising the reaction product of: (a) an epoxidised carboxylic acid ester; and (b) a compound including at least one reactive alcohol and/or amino functional group.

The presently claimed invention relates to polyalkyleneimine-based polymers that are useful as dispersants and a process for the preparation thereof. The presently claimed invention is also directed to dispersants that are useful in solvent-based dispersion systems as well as in water-based dispersion systems.

The presently claimed invention relates to polyalkyleneimine-based polymers that are useful as dispersants and a process for the preparation thereof. The presently claimed invention is also directed to dispersants that are useful in solvent-based dispersion systems as well as in water-based dispersion systems.