The present invention relates to a compound of Formula (I): whereinR.sup.1, R.sup.2, m, n, p, Q, X, Y, W, and “A” are as described herein. The present invention also relates to a process for preparation of a compound of Formula (I). Also disclosed is a thermal-storage device comprising one or more compounds of Formula (I) and a method of storing energy.

In one aspect, thermal energy storage compositions are described herein. In some embodiments, a composition comprises 0.5-10 wt. % polysaccharide and 88-99.5 wt. % water, wherein the weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition. Moreover, in some cases, the composition is shape stable at 20° C. and 1 atm.

The invention provides shape-stable products for storing and releasing thermal energy, based on thermoplastic polymer compositions containing organic phase change materials (PCM) incorporated into a polymer matrix, the products withstanding multiple melting-crystallization cycles of the PCM while maintaining their shape, dimensions, and the thermal energy storage capacity.

The present invention is related to a method for obtaining nitrate-based eutectic mixtures based on a BET model to thermal storage of solar refrigeration systems within the range of temperature from 0 to 15° C. Mixtures based on the following hydrate salts: LiNO.sub.3—NaNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, LiNO.sub.3—NH.sub.4NO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, LiNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, LiNO.sub.3—NH.sub.4NO.sub.3—Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O and LiNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, having melting points of 10.8, −1.1, 13.1, 12.0 and 7.1° C., respectively. Thermal and physical properties were established such as the heat of crystallization/melting, calorific capacity to solid and liquid phases, viscosity, density and change of volume during the mixture of eutectic mixtures. The results of energy storing density (esd) varied from 238.3 to 304.5 MJ.Math.m.sup.−3. The phase changing material (PCM) being more potent to be used in solar energy-assisted air conditioning systems (AC) is LiNO.sub.3—NaNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O.

The present invention is related to a method for obtaining nitrate-based eutectic mixtures based on a BET model to thermal storage of solar refrigeration systems within the range of temperature from 0 to 15° C. Mixtures based on the following hydrate salts: LiNO.sub.3—NaNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, LiNO.sub.3—NH.sub.4NO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, LiNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, LiNO.sub.3—NH.sub.4NO.sub.3—Mg(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O and LiNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O, having melting points of 10.8, −1.1, 13.1, 12.0 and 7.1° C., respectively. Thermal and physical properties were established such as the heat of crystallization/melting, calorific capacity to solid and liquid phases, viscosity, density and change of volume during the mixture of eutectic mixtures. The results of energy storing density (esd) varied from 238.3 to 304.5 MJ.Math.m.sup.−3. The phase changing material (PCM) being more potent to be used in solar energy-assisted air conditioning systems (AC) is LiNO.sub.3—NaNO.sub.3—Mn(NO.sub.3).sub.2—H.sub.2O.

A method to form a phase change material (PCM). The method includes preparing a polymer solution by mixing an amount of a polymer in a solvent and mixing the polymer solution with an UiO-66 metal-organic framework (MOF) to form a composite. The polymer is a polyethylene glycol (PEG). The method further includes subjecting the composite to ultrasonic agitation and evaporating the solvent from the composite to form the PCM. After the evaporation of the solvent, particles of the PCM exhibit rounded octahedral structures.

A heat storage device of the present disclosure includes a latent heat storage material and a container. The latent heat storage material is water-soluble. The container houses the latent heat storage material and is formed of a main material being aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The container has a joining portion and a first coating. The first coating covers at least the joining portion on an inner surface of the container. On a surface of the first coating, a first element and fluorine are present. The first element is an element other than aluminum and having a lower ionization tendency than potassium.

Some embodiments of the disclosure provide an ultra-low temperature phase change gel including a phase change matrix, a temperature regulator and a nucleating agent. In some embodiments, the phase change matrix is used as a host material for phase change to store and release cooling capacity, the temperature regulator is used for regulating the phase change temperature of the phase change matrix, and the nucleating agent is used for reducing a supercooling degree of the phase change matrix. The phase change matrix includes a temperature control material and water. The temperature control material includes sodium silicate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and aluminum sulfate, and the temperature regulator comprises polyethylene glycol. The nucleating agent includes a composite material formed by free radical polymerization of a reaction monomer and a macroinitiator. The composite material includes polyacrylic acid grafted with silica hybrid nano particles.

A heat transfer method uses a heat transfer system including: a heat source unit in which heat is exchanged between a heat transfer medium and a heat source; a utilization unit in which heat is exchanged between the heat transfer medium and a temperature adjustment target; and a first flow path and a second flow path that connect the heat source unit and the utilization unit. The heat transfer medium flows through the first flow path from the heat source unit to the utilization unit, and flows through the second flow path from the utilization unit to the heat source unit. In the heat transfer method, inorganic hydrate slurry, in which an inorganic hydrate that absorbs heat when dissolved in water is mixed with water, is used as the heat transfer medium.

In one aspect, compositions are described herein. In some embodiments, a composition comprises a phase change material, a hydrophobic sorption material, and a viscosity modifier. In some embodiments, a composition comprises a foam and a latent heat storage material dispersed in the foam, the latent heat storage material comprising a phase change material and a hydrophobic sorption material.