A system for conducting high-temperature thermolysis of a waste mixture formed by sewage sludge and wood waste (e.g., creosote-impregnated wooden railway sleepers and utility poles) is proposed. The products of the high-temperature thermolysis may be used to produce thermal energy, electrical energy, carbon black, and liquid fractions which may be used profitably for various purposes.

A system for conducting high-temperature thermolysis of a waste mixture formed by sewage sludge and wood waste (e.g., creosote-impregnated wooden railway sleepers and utility poles) is proposed. The products of the high-temperature thermolysis may be used to produce thermal energy, electrical energy, carbon black, and liquid fractions which may be used profitably for various purposes.

A process and apparatus are provided in the present invention for treatment of particulate biomass. The present process comprises a densification stage, a first treatment stage, a second treatment stage, a cooling stage; the present apparatus comprises a thermo-chemical treatment chamber which is a two-stage compact moving bed type including two compartments for pre-torrefaction and torrefaction and having a star or spider or ring formic hot gas distribution system equipped with at least one hot gas input and at least one hot gas output for each compartment, and at least one particulate biomass inlet and at least one particulate biomass outlet.

A process and apparatus are provided in the present invention for treatment of particulate biomass. The present process comprises a densification stage, a first treatment stage, a second treatment stage, a cooling stage; the present apparatus comprises a thermo-chemical treatment chamber which is a two-stage compact moving bed type including two compartments for pre-torrefaction and torrefaction and having a star or spider or ring formic hot gas distribution system equipped with at least one hot gas input and at least one hot gas output for each compartment, and at least one particulate biomass inlet and at least one particulate biomass outlet.

A method for generating syngas comprising heating woodchips in a vessel comprising a circulatory pathway and a heat generator in thermal communication with the circulator pathway to thermally degenerate the woodchips by pyrolysis with the woodchips forming biochar and releasing syngas when undergoing pyrolysis. The method further comprises circulating the generated syngas along the circulatory pathway to thereby filter the syngas through at least one of the woodchips and the biochar undergoing pyrolysis, and discharging the filtered syngas from the vessel.

The invention belongs to processes of converting carbonaceous raw materials to produce gaseous, solid, and liquid energy carriers and can be used in municipal, agriculture, wood processing industry, in the mining and petrochemical industries and other industries for thermochemical conversion of carbon-containing wastes from these industries to produce combustible gas, solid and liquid fuels, sorbents and other products. The process provides for the use of a vortex gasifier to produce hot generator gas, used as a heat carrier for the process of pyrolysis of raw material in the reactor, in which char and vapor gas are produced as a result of thermochemical reaction, a purification device to treat produced in the reactor vapor gas, and an apparatus for separation of vapor gas into different components. During the operation of the pyrolysis reactor, hot generator gas is fed into the upper part of the reactor and then proceeds to the bottom of the reactor through a gas duct inside the pyrolysis reactor until it reaches the distributor, through which it exits and travels up to the exit of the reactor, with simultaneous feed of raw material into the upper part of the reactor and movement of raw materials down the sloping mesh shelves. Effective thermochemical conversion of raw material is achieved in the countercurrent of raw material and heat carrier. The vapor gas formed in the pyrolysis reactor is supplied to the purification and separation units, while the char descends into the hopper from which it is released by a screw conveyor and/or sluice feeder to be sent to consumers or to the gasifier to obtain the heat carrier.

A pyrolysis apparatus, including a retort tube in a closed loop configuration the retort tube defining a single entrance point and two exit points, a vortex separator joined to retort tube; and a plurality of fins positioned in spiraling rows about the retort tube, the fins extending through and sealed to a wall of the retort tube, the fins simultaneously extending beyond either side of the wall and being positioned to be a static mixer inside and outside the retort tube.

A pyrolysis apparatus, including a retort tube in a closed loop configuration the retort tube defining a single entrance point and two exit points, a vortex separator joined to retort tube; and a plurality of fins positioned in spiraling rows about the retort tube, the fins extending through and sealed to a wall of the retort tube, the fins simultaneously extending beyond either side of the wall and being positioned to be a static mixer inside and outside the retort tube.

A process and apparatus are provided in the present invention for treatment of particulate biomass. The present process comprises a densification stage, a first treatment stage, a second treatment stage, a cooling stage; the present apparatus comprises a thermo-chemical treatment chamber which is a two-stage compact moving bed type including two compartments for pre-torrefaction and torrefaction and having a star or spider or ring formic hot gas distribution system equipped with at least one hot gas input and at least one hot gas output for each compartment, and at least one particulate biomass inlet and at least one particulate biomass outlet.

A process and apparatus are provided in the present invention for treatment of particulate biomass. The present process comprises a densification stage, a first treatment stage, a second treatment stage, a cooling stage; the present apparatus comprises a thermo-chemical treatment chamber which is a two-stage compact moving bed type including two compartments for pre-torrefaction and torrefaction and having a star or spider or ring formic hot gas distribution system equipped with at least one hot gas input and at least one hot gas output for each compartment, and at least one particulate biomass inlet and at least one particulate biomass outlet.