The disclosure belongs to the technical field of solid fuel utilization and discloses a gasification reactor adaptable for feedstock with wide particle size distribution, including a reactor body. The reactor body is composed of a first reaction chamber, a second reaction chamber, and a third reaction chamber, which are connected with each other. The side wall of the first reaction chamber is provided with a first vent for introducing a gasification agent to fluidize the fine feedstock particles in the first reaction chamber and the gasification reaction occurs. The bottom of the second reaction chamber is provided with a second vent for introducing an oxidant to react with the coarse feedstock particles in the second reaction chamber. The bottom of the third reaction chamber is provided with a third vent for introducing a gasification agent to fluidize and gasify the incompletely reacted particles in the third reaction chamber.

The present invention provides a process and apparatus for converting feedstock comprising biomass and/or carbon-containing solid waste material to synthesis gas. The process comprises supplying the feedstock to a gasifier comprising a fluidized bed zone and a post-gasification zone and contacting the feedstock with a gasification agent at a plurality of different operating temperatures based on the ash softening temperature of the feedstock and finally recovering the synthesis gas. The apparatus is configured to perform the process and comprises a plurality of nozzles arranged at an acute angle relative to a horizontal plane of the gasifier.

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of solid fuel utilization and discloses a gasification reactor adaptable for feedstock with wide particle size distribution, including a reactor body. The reactor body is composed of a first reaction chamber, a second reaction chamber, and a third reaction chamber, which are connected with each other. The side wall of the first reaction chamber is provided with a first vent for introducing a gasification agent to fluidize the fine feedstock particles in the first reaction chamber and the gasification reaction occurs. The bottom of the second reaction chamber is provided with a second vent for introducing an oxidant to react with the coarse feedstock particles in the second reaction chamber. The bottom of the third reaction chamber is provided with a third vent for introducing a gasification agent to fluidize and gasify the incompletely reacted particles in the third reaction chamber.

The present invention provides a process and apparatus for converting feedstock comprising biomass and/or carbon-containing solid waste material to synthesis gas. The process comprises supplying the feedstock to a gasifier comprising a fluidized bed zone and a post-gasification zone and contacting the feedstock with a gasification agent at a plurality of different operating temperatures based on the ash softening temperature of the feedstock and finally recovering the synthesis gas. The apparatus is configured to perform the process and comprises a plurality of nozzles arranged at an acute angle relative to a horizontal plane of the gasifier.

The present invention relates to a biomass gasification system providing tar and biochar and to a method wherein tars are fixed to the biochar surface. The present invention also relates to use of said system.

The present invention provides a process for obtaining solid recovered fuel and synthesis gas from a waste-based feedstock, comprising the steps of: I. converting the feedstock into a solid recovered fuel by means of a number of parameters pertaining to waste sorting, selection, comminution and/or screening; II. gasifying under suitable reaction conditions at least a portion of the solid recovered fuel to produce synthesis gas and by-product(s); and III. optionally cleaning at least a portion of the synthesis gas to produce clean synthesis gas and wastewater, wherein one or more of the solid recovered fuel, synthesis gas, and by-product(s) of the gasification are analysed during operation of the process, and wherein data from said analysis is used to control one or more parameters of step I) in order to influence reaction conditions in step II, and optionally step III).

A plasma processing method for a gas comprises supplying a gas inside a cavity for plasma processing, supplying microwaves having a predetermined frequency and power in order to generate a plasma of the gas, and propagating the microwaves in the gas by means of a waveguide which communicates directly with the cavity so as to provide a plasma cracking processing operation for the gas inside the cavity (2).

Herein disclosed are apparatus and associated methods related to producing an enhanced surface area biochar product with a desired activation level based on receiving biochar into a processing vessel configured with multiple independently temperature-controlled chambers and counter-flow steam injection, controlling activation levels of the biochar by moving the biochar through the processing vessel and adjusting the temperature of the biochar by injecting steam into at least one temperature-controlled chamber of the processing vessel, recovering volatiles driven off through dehydration using a thermal oxidizer, cooling the biochar to a desired discharge temperature using steam and retention time, and discharging the activated biochar product. The processing vessel may be a calciner, a rotary calciner, or a kiln. Biochar may be heated or cooled to a desired thermochemical processing temperature depending on the temperature of the received biochar. Counter-flow saturated steam may sweep volatile gases to a thermal oxidizer using a vacuum system.

A syngas production system includes a gasification reactor and a syngas pressure vessel downstream of the gasification reactor. The syngas pressure vessel includes a pressure vessel having a body with a first portion and a second portion. The syngas pressure vessel also includes an evaporator disposed in the pressure vessel; a coil disposed in the pressure vessel; and a tongue-and-groove flange assembly. The tongue-and-groove flange assembly includes: a first flange with a raised ring extending from a face of the first flange, the first flange attached to the first portion of the body; a second flange with a groove defined in a face of the second flange. The second flange is attached to the second portion of the body. The raised ring extends from the face of the first flange and is positioned in the groove defined in the face of the second flange.

Herein disclosed are apparatus and associated methods related to producing an enhanced surface area biochar product with a desired activation level based on receiving biochar into a processing vessel configured with multiple independently temperature-controlled chambers and counter-flow steam injection, controlling activation levels of the biochar by moving the biochar through the processing vessel and adjusting the temperature of the biochar by injecting steam into at least one temperature-controlled chamber of the processing vessel, recovering volatiles driven off through dehydration using a thermal oxidizer, cooling the biochar to a desired discharge temperature using steam and retention time, and discharging the activated biochar product. The processing vessel may be a calciner, a rotary calciner, or a kiln. Biochar may be heated or cooled to a desired thermochemical processing temperature depending on the temperature of the received biochar. Counter-flow saturated steam may sweep volatile gases to a thermal oxidizer using a vacuum system.