The invention relates to a method for the disposal of a composite material, in particular a composite material contaminated, for example, by radioactivity and containing fluorine impurities. The inventive method for the disposal of a component containing a composite material with a composite matrix and a technical fiber, is characterized in that the component is chemically gasified, wherein the composite material is technically completely decomposed into its basic components, wherein in a first step the composite matrix is dissolved and in a subsequent step the remaining starting materials and intermediate products are thermally decomposed and reacted with added process gases, wherein at least in the subsequent step a reactive gas is supplied and the subsequent step is conducted endothermically.

A process and system for the generation gaseous fuels, the process comprising gasifying a carbonaceous fuel with vitiated air in the presence of lime and water to provide calcium carbonate, a gaseous fuel and heat; the system comprising a reactor for the gasification of the carbonaceous fuel with vitiated air in the presence of lime and water, and a heat exchanger to extract heat from the gaseous fuel. Use in the generation of gaseous fuels, in energy distribution and in grid energy firming.

A process and system for the generation gaseous fuels, the process comprising gasifying a carbonaceous fuel with vitiated air in the presence of lime and water to provide calcium carbonate, a gaseous fuel and heat; the system comprising a reactor for the gasification of the carbonaceous fuel with vitiated air in the presence of lime and water, and a heat exchanger to extract heat from the gaseous fuel. Use in the generation of gaseous fuels, in energy distribution and in grid energy firming.

A process and an apparatus for molten slag gasification of solid fuels in a molten slag gasifier with increased output, an increased range of solid fuels that can be used and improved gas quality. The process is conducted such that, by means of a molten slag gasifier comprising a feed of the coarse-grained solid fuels and comprising a gas takeoff, both at the head of the molten slag gasifier, comprising a slag bath and comprising a slag bath takeoff at the bottom of the molten slag gasifier, comprising a feed for first gasifying means by means of gasifying means nozzles above the slag bath, comprising a filling of the fixed bed above the slag bath, in addition to the first gasifying means a second gasifying means are injected by way of at least one gasifying means nozzle that reaches into the upper region of the fixed bed.

A process and an apparatus for molten slag gasification of solid fuels in a molten slag gasifier with increased output, an increased range of solid fuels that can be used and improved gas quality. The process is conducted such that, by means of a molten slag gasifier comprising a feed of the coarse-grained solid fuels and comprising a gas takeoff, both at the head of the molten slag gasifier, comprising a slag bath and comprising a slag bath takeoff at the bottom of the molten slag gasifier, comprising a feed for first gasifying means by means of gasifying means nozzles above the slag bath, comprising a filling of the fixed bed above the slag bath, in addition to the first gasifying means a second gasifying means are injected by way of at least one gasifying means nozzle that reaches into the upper region of the fixed bed.

A method, system, and apparatus for decomposing a biomass feedstock include providing a layer of inert particulate matter, such as sand, to line and insulate the bottom surface of a main chamber of a reactor where pyrolysis and oxidation are conducted to produce char and producer gases as primary products. In an embodiment, feedstock positioned in a side region of the reaction chamber insulates side walls of the main chamber from heat in the center region of the main chamber. In an embodiment of the method, a rate of removal of solid products such as char from the reactor is controlled in response to a temperature detected at a position of an extraction tube inlet of the reactor. Activated charcoal may be obtained as a primary product using the system and method, by feeding oxygen into the reactor at an inlet positioned adjacent to an inlet to the extraction chamber.

A method, system, and apparatus for decomposing a biomass feedstock include providing a layer of inert particulate matter, such as sand, to line and insulate the bottom surface of a main chamber of a reactor where pyrolysis and oxidation are conducted to produce char and producer gases as primary products. In an embodiment, feedstock positioned in a side region of the reaction chamber insulates side walls of the main chamber from heat in the center region of the main chamber. In an embodiment of the method, a rate of removal of solid products such as char from the reactor is controlled in response to a temperature detected at a position of an extraction tube inlet of the reactor. Activated charcoal may be obtained as a primary product using the system and method, by feeding oxygen into the reactor at an inlet positioned adjacent to an inlet to the extraction chamber.

A fuel production system and a fuel production method are provided which can efficiently perform adjusting of a synthesis gas composition by hydrogen supply, while suppressing the generated amount of carbon dioxide by a system overall. A fuel production system includes: a gasification furnace which gasifies a biomass raw material to generate a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide; a liquid fuel production device which produces a liquid fuel from the synthesis gas generated by the gasification furnace; a hydrogen supply pump which supplies hydrogen to a raw material supply area or a synthesis gas discharge area; a byproduct sensor which detects a byproduct amount generated inside the gasification furnace; and a controller which switches a hydrogen supply location by the hydrogen supply pump between the raw material supply area and synthesis gas discharge area, based on the byproduct amount detected by the byproduct sensor.

A fuel production system and a fuel production method are provided which can efficiently perform adjusting of a synthesis gas composition by hydrogen supply, while suppressing the generated amount of carbon dioxide by a system overall. A fuel production system includes: a gasification furnace which gasifies a biomass raw material to generate a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide; a liquid fuel production device which produces a liquid fuel from the synthesis gas generated by the gasification furnace; a hydrogen supply pump which supplies hydrogen to a raw material supply area or a synthesis gas discharge area; a byproduct sensor which detects a byproduct amount generated inside the gasification furnace; and a controller which switches a hydrogen supply location by the hydrogen supply pump between the raw material supply area and synthesis gas discharge area, based on the byproduct amount detected by the byproduct sensor.

The present invention relates generally to processes for hydromethanating a carbonaceous feedstock in a hydromethanation reactor to a methane-enriched raw product stream, and more specifically to processing of solid char by-product removed from the hydromethanation reactor to improve the carbon utilization and thermal efficiency and economics of the overall process by co-producing electric power and steam from the by-product char in addition to the end-product pipeline quality substitute natural gas.