A cell culture module includes a cell culture substrate that has, on a surface thereof, a recessed portion that cultures a cell, in which at least a bottom surface of the recessed portion includes a porous body, a holding member that houses the cell culture substrate and that has an internal space partitioned into a first space and a second space by the cell culture substrate, and an oxygen sensor that is provided inside the first space of the holding member and that measures a concentration of dissolved oxygen in the culture medium. The oxygen sensor measures the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the vicinity of the cultured cell.