Provided is a reaction apparatus for comprehensively measuring biodegradability of a material, comprising a device frame, an electrical control cabinet and a reaction chamber monomer. The upper side of the reaction chamber monomer is a reaction chamber body, and the lower part is a material receiving trolley. The top of the reaction chamber body is sealed by a chamber cover. A side wall is pasted with an electric heating plate and a thermal insulation cotton. A stirring paddle is arranged inside. An air inlet and an air outlet are respectively provided on a front and a rear wall. A discharging mechanism is located below. The electrical control cabinet separately controls the reaction conditions of each reaction chamber monomer. The present invention further relates to a use method thereof, which can realize the biodegradability evaluation in such three aspects as material degradation rate, disintegration rate and ecological non-toxicity test.

There is provided a new material that can form a finer pattern and can be applied to adsorption/adhesion control of various cell species, proteins, viruses, and the like without the limitation of the light source. A light-degradable material comprising: a moiety that is capable of bonding to a surface of a substrate through a siloxane bond; and a structural unit of Formula (2-a) and/or Formula (2-b): ##STR00001##
(where R.sub.2 to R.sub.4 are saturated linear alkyl groups; X is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; Z is a carbanion or a sulfo anion; Q is an ester bond group, a phosphodiester bond group, an amido bond group, an alkylene group, or an phenylene group or a combination of these divalent groups; m.sub.1 is an integer of 1 to 200, and n is an integer of 1 to 10).

Methods and materials for making complex, living, vascularized tissues for organ and tissue replacement, especially complex and/or thick, structures, such as liver tissue is provided. Tissue lamina is made in a system comprising an apparatus having (a) a first mold or polymer scaffold, a semi-permeable membrane, and a second mold or polymer scaffold, wherein the semi-permeable membrane is disposed between the first and second molds or polymer scaffolds, wherein the first and second molds or polymer scaffolds have means defining microchannels positioned toward the semi-permeable membrane, wherein the first and second molds or polymer scaffolds are fastened together; and (b) animal cells. Methods for producing complex, three-dimensional tissues or organs from tissue lamina are also provided.

Photoreceptor scaffolds and scaffold systems including the photoreceptor scaffolds are described herein. The scaffolds and scaffold systems can be used for transplantation of organized photoreceptor tissue, with or without RPE, which may improve grafted cell survival, integration, and functional visual rescue. Particularly, the photoreceptor scaffold is structured from a biocompatible film, patterned with an array of unique through-holes having a curvilinear cell receiver and at least one cell guide channel.

A composition comprising a first material and a second material, wherein said first material is cross-linkable by a first cross-linking reaction and said second material is cross-linkable by a second cross-linking reaction, wherein said first cross-linking reaction and said second cross-linking reaction are inducible by a common activator.

Photoreceptor scaffolds and scaffold systems including the photoreceptor scaffolds are described herein. The scaffolds and scaffold systems can be used for transplantation of organized photoreceptor tissue, with or without RPE, which may improve grafted cell survival, integration, and functional visual rescue. Particularly, the photoreceptor scaffold is structured from a biocompatible film, patterned with an array of unique through-holes having a curvilinear cell receiver and at least one cell guide channel.

2D and 3D cell culture containers formed from blends of poly-L-lactide and poly-D-lactide provide growth surfaces for adherent cells and do not require surface treatment or coating to support mammalian cell growth. The cell culture containers are transparent, heat tolerant, and are environmentally degradable and suitable for composting in landfills.

A bioreactor can include: a tissue culture chamber; at least one inlet port into the tissue culture chamber; an inlet port member located in each inlet including an inlet tube extending into the tissue culture chamber; at least one outlet port into the tissue culture chamber; an outlet port member located in each outlet including an outlet tube extending into the tissue culture chamber; an optical cover; and a hydrogel can be located in the tissue culture chamber having at least one lumen fluidly coupling the inlet tube to the outlet tube, wherein an inlet interface region of the hydrogel is constrained around the inlet tube and an outlet interface region of the hydrogel is constrained around the outlet tube.

2D and 3D cell culture containers formed from blends of poly-L-lactide and poly-D-lactide provide growth surfaces for adherent cells and do not require surface treatment or coating to support mammalian cell growth. The cell culture containers are transparent, heat tolerant, and are environmentally degradable and suitable for composting in landfills.

2D and 3D cell culture containers formed from blends of poly-L-lactide and poly-D-lactide provide growth surfaces for adherent cells and do not require surface treatment or coating to support mammalian cell growth. The cell culture containers are transparent, heat tolerant, and are environmentally degradable and suitable for composting in landfills.