A mobile emissions control system is provided for diesel engines operated on ocean-going ships at-berth. The emissions control system comprises two essential elements: an emissions capturing system and an emissions control system. The emissions control system may be mounted on a towable chassis or mounted on a barge, allowing it to be placed alongside ocean-going ships at-berth. The emission capturing system captures exhaust from a ship's diesel engine and conducts it into the emissions control system, which cleans the exhaust and then passes clean air into the atmosphere through an exhaust outlet.

The invention provides a process for producing a fermentable gas stream from a gas source that contains one or more constituent which may be harmful to the fermentation process. To produce the fermentable gas stream, the gas stream is passed through a specifically ordered series of removal modules. The removal modules remove and/or convert various constituents found in the gas stream which may have harmful effects on downstream removal modules and/or inhibitory effects on downstream gas fermenting microorganisms. At least a portion of the fermentable gas stream is preferably capable of being passed to a bioreactor, which contains gas fermenting microorganisms, without inhibiting the fermentation process.

A method of using electricity to produce methane includes maintaining a culture comprising living methanogenic microorganisms at a temperature above 50° C. in a reactor having a first chamber and a second chamber separated by a proton permeable barrier, the first chamber comprising a passage between an inlet and an outlet containing at least a porous electrically conductive cathode, the culture, and water, and the second chamber comprising at least an anode. The method also includes coupling electricity to the anode and the cathode, supplying carbon dioxide to the culture in the first chamber, and collecting methane from the culture at the outlet of the first chamber.

A process of growing a phototrophic biomass in a reaction zone, including a reaction mixture that is operative for effecting photosynthesis upon exposure to photosynthetically active light radiation, is provided. The reaction mixture includes phototrophic biomass that is operative for growth within the reaction zone. In one aspect, the carbon dioxide supply is modulated in response to detected process parameters. In another aspect, inputs to the reaction zone are modulated based on changes to the carbon dioxide supply. In another aspect, dilution of the carbon dioxide-comprising supply is effected. In another aspect, pressure of the carbon dioxide-comprising supply is increased. In another aspect, water is condensed from the carbon dioxide-comprising supply and recovered for re-use. In another aspect, the produced phototrophic biomass is harvested at a rate which approximates a predetermined growth rate of the phototrophic biomass.

What is described is an integrated steel mill and a bioreactor configured to produce useful products from the waste stream of the steel mill. A waste gas stack which is connected to the steel mill is connected to a heat exchanger to cool the waste gas from the steel mill. The cooled gas is pressurized using a pressurization apparatus connected to the heat exchanger. The pressurized gas is sent to an oxygen removal apparatus connected to the pressurization apparatus. An oxygen depleted waste stream from the oxygen removal apparatus is passed to a bioreactor (connected to the oxygen removal apparatus) where microorganisms ferment the waste stream to products. Optional apparatus such as scrubbers, valves, buffers, are also disclosed. The products of the fermentation in the bioreactor can be ethanol and or acetate.

The invention describes a methodology for production of a secondary extra-particle fungal matrix for application as a mycological material, manufactured via a Type II actively aerated static packed-bed bioreactor. A pre-conditioned air stream is passed through a substrate of discrete elements inoculated with a filamentous fungus to form an isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrix between the discrete elements. Continued feeding of the air through the substrate of discrete elements and isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrixes develops an extra-particle hyphal matrix that extends from an isotropic inter-particle hyphal matrix in the direction of airflow into a void space within the vessel.

A process and/or system for producing one or more biofuels, wherein biogas (e.g., partially purified biogas produced by removing water, hydrogen sulfide and/or carbon dioxide from raw biogas) is transported by vehicle in one or mobile vessels. De-pressurization of the mobile vessels provides a change in pressure that can be used to provide work, cooling, and/or increased pressure for the production process. Combustion of the biogas produces heat and/or power used to reduce a carbon intensity of the biofuel or biofuel intermediate.

An interconnected photosynthesis matrix and bio-energy production system. More specifically, a self-sustaining bio-system that uses the bio-energy production system, which comprises a selection process, an extraction process, and a transfer process, to create an energy enhanced organism and then uses the energy from the energy enhanced organisms for human use and/or for the second portion of the system, the photosynthesis matrix, where photosynthesis takes place. The energy is extracted from the energy enhanced organism by creating an energy rich homogenate, and then the energy is transferred to the grid, to an energy storage device, or to the photosynthesis matrix. The photosynthesis matrix consumes carbon dioxide and reduces carbon dioxide concentration while producing glucose, which it then provides to the bio-energy production system. The two systems work together in a feedback loop to allow continuous chemical reactions.

The disclosure provides for the integration of a fermentation process with at least one electrolysis process, a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion unit, and a C1-generating industrial process. In particular, the disclosure provides process and a system for utilizing electrolysis products, for example H.sub.2 and/or O.sub.2 in a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion unit to improve the process efficiency of at least one of the fermentation processes or the C1-generating industrial process. More particularly, the disclosure provides a process in which H.sub.2 generated by electrolysis is passed to a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion unit to improve the substrate efficiency for a fermentation process, and the O.sub.2 generated by electrolysis process is used to improve the composition of the C1-containing tail gas generated by the C1-generating industrial process.

The disclosure is directed to a process and an apparatus for providing a feedstock. A gaseous feed stream comprising at least one hydrocarbon is passed to a reforming unit followed by a water gas shift reaction zone to provide a first gaseous stream comprising H.sub.2, CO, and CO.sub.2. The first gaseous stream is fed a hydrogen separation zone to separate it into a hydrogen enriched stream and a second gaseous stream comprising CO, CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2. The second gaseous stream is fed to a CO.sub.2 to CO conversion system to produce a third gaseous stream comprising H.sub.2 and CO having a H.sub.2:CO molar ratio of less than 5:1. The third gaseous stream is fed as the feedstock for a gas fermentation unit to have increased stability and product selectivity.