Artificial ovaries comprising porous three-dimensional scaffolds are provided. Also provided are ink compositions and methods for printing the scaffolds. The artificial ovaries have spatial arrangements and cellular compositions that allow them to mimic native ovarian tissue. As such, they can be cultured or transplanted to support female endocrine function and/or the development of oocytes and/or eggs.

The disclosure provides, inter alia, methods of improving sperm function and related methods of fertilization, together with preparations of activated or potentiated sperm. The methods provided by the disclosure, in some embodiments entail energy depletion with subsequent staged reintroduction of different energy sources. The disclosure additionally provides articles of manufacture suitable for performing the methods provided by the invention. The invention provides kits for separating sperm and for processing and preparing sperm for, in some embodiments, IVF or IUI. Also provided are nutrient free reagents useful preparing sperm.

The disclosure provides, inter alia, methods of improving sperm function and related methods of fertilization, together with preparations of activated or potentiated sperm. The disclosure additionally provides articles of manufacture suitable for performing the methods provided by the invention. The methods provided by the disclosure, in some embodiments entail energy depletion with subsequent staged reintroduction of different energy sources.

The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for the handling of processed sperm populations including samples that are freshly collected, those transported as fresh samples, as well as samples that are frozen and thawed, those sorted into one or more subpopulations, and those that are otherwise processed or handled that impose trauma on the sperm cell. Such trauma can reduce the motility, fertility, viability and overall integrity of the sperm and reduce the sperm's ability to fertilize an egg, grow into a health embryo and produce a healthy offspring. The present invention relates to novel compounds that can be added to the sperm cell sample to reduce the traumatic effects of physical stress during mild as well as extensive sperm cell processing, methods of using the compounds in standard sperm processing procedures, the end products made from these methods including sperm and embryos, as well as methods of using those end products in assisted reproductive biology techniques in animals.

Artificial ovaries comprising porous three-dimensional scaffolds are provided. Also provided are ink compositions and methods for printing the scaffolds. The artificial ovaries have spatial arrangements and cellular compositions that allow them to mimic native ovarian tissue. As such, they can be cultured or transplanted to support female endocrine function and/or the development of oocytes and/or eggs.

Provided herein is a composition that includes spermatogonial cells, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells, and an optional protein matrix. In one embodiment, the cells are immortalized. In one embodiment, the cells in the composition are present at fractions that mimic a mouse testis at approximately 5 days postnatal. Also provided is a method for producing a cell culture that includes the cells of the composition, and methods of using the composition. In one embodiment, the composition can be used to detect compounds that alter the status of a cell in the composition, such as reduce viability of a cell.

The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for the handling of processed sperm populations including samples that are freshly collected, those transported as fresh samples, as well as samples that are frozen and thawed, those sorted into one or more subpopulations, and those that are otherwise processed or handled that impose trauma on the sperm cell. Such trauma can reduce the motility, fertility, viability and overall integrity of the sperm and reduce the sperm's ability to fertilize an egg, grow into a health embryo and produce a healthy offspring. The present invention relates to novel compounds that can be added to the sperm cell sample to reduce the traumatic effects of physical stress during mild as well as extensive sperm cell processing, methods of using the compounds in standard sperm processing procedures, the end products made from these methods including sperm and embryos, as well as methods of using those end products in assisted reproductive biology techniques in animals.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for the handling of processed sperm including samples that are freshly collected, those transported as fresh samples, samples that are frozen and thawed, those sorted into one or more subpopulations, and those that are otherwise processed or handled that impose trauma on the cell. Trauma can reduce the motility, fertility, viability and overall integrity of the sperm and reduce the ability to fertilize, produce an embryo and a healthy offspring. The present invention relates to novel compounds that can be added to the sperm cell sample to reduce the traumatic effects of physical stress during mild as well as extensive sperm cell processing, methods of using the compounds in standard sperm processing procedures, the end products made from these methods including sperm and embryos, as well as methods of using those end products in assisted reproductive biology techniques in animals.

The use of a composition including at least one permeabilized nucleus of a first cell, or at least one permeabilized first cell including the nucleus and an extract of female germinal cells, or eggs, of a multicellular organism, the eggs being blocked in the metaphase II of meiosis, the extract including EGTA, for carrying out a method for obtaining pluripotent stem cells, or tissues derived from the pluripotent stem cells, or of cloning, provided that the process is not for cloning human beings.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for differentiating induced pluripotent stem cells into granulosa-like cells by overexpressing transcription factors such as NR5A1 and a RUNX family protein (e.g., RUNXI and/or RUNX2).