The present invention relates to the combination of attenuated non-pathogenic avian double-stranded (ds) RNA viral vector (IBDV) with an anti-PD-1 antibody and/or an anti-CTLA-4 antibody for treating Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Provided are compositions and methods for prophylaxis or therapy of cancer. The compositions and methods include use of Birnaviridae double stranded RNS (dsRNA) viruses for treating cancer in individuals that are not the normal virus hosts. Modifications of the dsRNA viruses are provided and include genetic changes that result improvements in anti-cancer therapy by increasing onxotoxicity of the modified viruses, and by including sequences encoding therapeutic pay loads.

The present invention relates to a birnavirus for use in the treatment or prevention of cancer. Further, the present invention relates to a combination comprising at least one birnavirus and at least one further active agent for use in the treatment or prevention of cancer. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the birnavirus or the combination for use in the treatment or prevention of cancer.