The present invention relates to methods and compositions for enhancing expression from RNA expression vectores. The invention is based upon the observation that reducing the frequency of the dinucleotide CpG and UpA has a significant effect on expression from such vectores. Aspects of the invention include, amongst others, synthetic RNA vectores, virions, cells, methods of producing vaccines and methods of treatment or immunisation.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods related to mutant viruses, and in particular, mutant influenza viruses. The mutant viruses disclosed herein include a mutant M2 sequence, and are useful in immunogenic compositions, e.g., as vaccines. The mutant viruses disclosed herein including a mutant M2 sequence are also useful to deliver antigens to a subject, e.g., to induce an immune response to the antigen. Also disclosed herein are methods, compositions and cells for propagating the viral mutants, and methods, devices and compositions related to vaccination.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides isolated replication defective non-integrating segmented viruses comprising a genome where at least one of the viral segments comprises a heterologous nucleotide sequence comprising a nucleotide segment that encodes an effector protein. Also provided are methods of using these viruses.

Engineered Influenza polynucleotides, viruses, vaccines, and methods of making and using the same are provided. More specifically, the present inventors have developed replication competent engineered influenza viruses having, for example, a modified segment 4 and/or segment 6 that include at least one additional polynucleotide encoding a heterologous polypeptide.

The present invention provides a modified influenza A virus (IAV) comprising, consisting of, or consisting essentially of at least one artificial gene segment comprising a duplicated packaging signal, the result of which is a modified IAV that is replication competent and avirulent, and when co-infected with a wild type virus leads to segment exchange and compromises the spread of both viruses as well as methods of making and using same and methods of using the IAVs in the treatment and prevention of influenza-related diseases.

Provided herein are microneedle array devices for delivery of recombinant adenovirus particles, methods of making the devices, and used for the devices. The microneedle array devices are storage-stable at 4° C., retaining adenovirus infectivity for at least one month.

Disclosed are a novel coronavirus vaccine based on an influenza virus vector and a preparation method thereof. The vaccine can efficiently express two antigens, i.e., its own HA antigen and an exogenous SC2R1 antigen, enabling the vaccine to induce immune responses to the two antigens, thus achieving the purpose of preventing both influenza virus and novel coronavirus, thereby eliminating the impacts of the two major infectious diseases of influenza and novel coronavirus on social economy, etc. at one time. In addition, based on existing mature influenza platform techniques, the influenza vaccine can be prepared and produced on a large scale, and the use of influenza vaccines has a long history and good safety.

Disclosed are recombinant chimeric influenza virus vaccines and live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccines expressing foreign (RSV) neutralizing epitopes or conserved M2e epitopes that are capable of providing broader cross-protection against influenza virus and/or protecting against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) without vaccine-enhanced RSV disease (ERD).

Provided are: a recombinant vaccinia virus which is effective for the prevention of the development of a disease by the infection by H7 avian influenza virus and has high safety; and a vaccine against H7 avian influenza virus, which comprises the recombinant vaccinia virus. The recombinant vaccinia virus according to the present invention is a recombinant vaccinia virus having such a structure that an expression promoter and the full length or a part of cDNA encoding hemagglutinin protein of H7 avian influenza virus are contained in the genome for vaccinia virus strain DIs.

RNA virus vectors comprising a gene encoding the DNA-dependent activator of interferon-regulatory factors (DAI) protein, and optionally further comprising a gene encoding the receptor-interacting serine; threonine-protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) may be used therapeutically to induce cell death, as well as an inflammatory immune response, against tumors and virally-infected cells.