The invention generally encompasses a human-derived monoclonal antibody compositions and methods comprising a dry powder formulation for neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 and known variants thereof in a patient, comprising administering to the patient a dry powder formulation comprising the human-derived monoclonal antibody. The invention further encompasses compositions and methods comprising a dry powder formulation for treating or preventing COVID-19 and/or at least one symptom associated with COVID-19 in a patient, comprising administering to the patient a dry powder formulation comprising the human-derived monoclonal antib.

There is described a process for production of metal-coated virus particles or metallic nanoparticles, said process comprising admixing virus particles with plant material with reducing power and a metal salt, wherein the process can be provided in planta or ex planta and the virus particles aid the production of the metal-coated virus particles or metallic nanoparticles.